Pinellas County Extension Timely Topics

Healthy Habits for a Healthy Heart!

2012-01-30T17:40:00.006-05:00

Jennie Guan, Dietetic Intern,
Bay Pines Veterans Administration Health Care System

February is American Heart Month. Heart disease is the number one killer for both men and women in the United States and many people don't know what to look for and how to protect themselves. What you eat and how physically active you are can pay big dividends when it comes to taking care of your heart. Eating more fruits and vegetables, lowering saturated and trans fat intake, decreasing sodium levels, and keeping a healthy weight can help you on your journey to taking good care of your heart.

Most fruits and vegetables are low in calories and high in vitamins, minerals, and fiber, making them heart healthy. Eating a variety of fruits and vegetables may help you control your weight and your blood pressure. A diet high in fiber can lower your risk of heart disease. Vegetables, fruits and whole-grain foods contain fiber that can help lower your blood cholesterol and help you feel full, which may help you manage your weight.

Make smart choices when it comes to fats. Choose heart healthy fats that are unsaturated in small amounts. Fats like olive and canola oils are good choices for your heart. Some of the best foods for lowering cholesterol include oatmeal, fatty fish like salmon and trout, walnuts (and other nuts), olive oil, and foods fortified with sterols or stanols. Spreads like Benecol and Promise Activ are examples of these products.

Unhealthy cholesterol levels increase your risk for heart disease, so keeping yours low is key to a healthier heart. Try to limit the saturated and trans fats, two fats that raise your blood cholesterol. Most animal foods are high in saturated fat, so choose lean meats and low fat dairy products. Reduce the amount of solid fats like butter, margarine, or shortening that you add to food when cooking. Read those labels when buying products to help you find the trans fat in a product. And pay close attention to the amount of fast foods you eat as they can be high in trans fats too.

Sodium can be another deal breaker. Consuming high amounts of sodium can contribute to high blood pressure, which is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The American Heart Association recommends no more than about a teaspoon of salt a day for an adult. Reducing the sodium in your food is a big part of a heart-healthy diet. Salt is sodium chloride and should limited in cooking or at the table. Most of the sodium in our diet is hidden in processed foods like canned foods, processed meats, instant foods, and many frozen convenience foods, so pay attention to what you put in your shopping cart. Restaurant meals are usually high in sodium as well. If you plan to eat out, try to keep sodium low at other meals that day.

Don’t forget the physical activity. Physical active is recommended to promote heart health maintain weight or promote gradual weight loss. Thirty to 60 minutes of exercise is what we need on most days. Do what you enjoy to help you get active. It could be a brisk walk, playing with the children, gardening or dancing. If you’re having trouble exercising 30 to 60 minutes, break it up into small 10 to 15 minute blocks of time. Always be sure to check with your health care provider first.

The Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) diet and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet are good at promoting heart health. For further information about each diet, you can go to the websites.

The Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) diet is recommended by the National Cholesterol Education Program of the U.S. National Institutes of Health. The TLC Diet is a low saturated fat, low cholesterol diet that will help to reduce your blood cholesterol level thereby decreasing your chance of developing heart disease. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/cgi-bin/chd/step2intro.cgi

The DASH diet is a lifelong approach to healthy eating that's designed to help treat or prevent high blood pressure (hypertension). http://dashdiet.org/

To decrease your risk of heart disease, your best and easiest way is to consume a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat free or low fat dairy foods as well as lean protein. Include some physical active too!

Participate in National Wear Red Day—Everyone (men too) can support the fight against heart disease in women by wearing red on February 3, 2012. Click here to learn more about Wear Red Day!

The American Heart Association: Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations: Revision 2006

The New Kid on the Block

2012-01-23T10:47:00.013-05:00

Lara Miller

I just started my dream job at the Brooker Creek Preserve and I am honored to be joining the Pinellas County Extension team as the new Natural Resource Agent! Pinellas County already feels like home and I could not be more grateful to work at the Preserve where I am constantly surrounded by its beauty.

Growing up in the small coastal town of Jupiter, FL I became fascinated by the environment that surrounded me. As my high school days approached, I was thrilled to discover I was accepted into the Jupiter Environmental Research and Field Studies Academy where my curiosity developed into a passion. After graduating from this four-year program, I attended the University of Florida where I continued my education about the natural world. Through a combined degree program I obtained a Bachelors degree in Natural Resource Conservation and a Masters degree in Forest Resources and Conservation with a focus on environmental education. Aside from academics, my hobbies revolve around sports and the outdoors; I make my fitness a priority and enjoy weekend camping adventures.

Brooker Creek Preserve is the largest natural area in the county, standing at an astounding 8,700 acres. The slightest elevation changes transform the land from dry pine flatwoods to flooded lands of cypress domes and swamps. Each ecosystem supports different types of wildlife from deer to otters and turkeys to water moccasins. The best part is there are trails that lead visitors through each of these ecosystems for an outdoor adventure this is as diverse as it is surprising. Furthermore, with the amazing support of our volunteers and the Friends of Brooker Creek, the Education Center and its state-of-the-art exhibits draws in thousands of visitors every year.

I like to think the best part about living is growing, and I know through my work with the volunteers, the county and the University of Florida, I will be able to go above and beyond in my role as a natural resource extension agent. I am eager to see how my skills and background can contribute to the Preserve and the educational programs which it offers.

Thank you and I look forward to meeting all of you when you come to visit Brooker Creek Preserve!

Dietary Supplements – Navigating the Unknown

2011-12-20T14:34:00.000-05:00

Kimberly Andreola, Dietetic Intern at Bay Pines Veterans Administration
Health Care System

Every day we are being bombarded by messages from the media telling us what foods and supplements we need to stay healthy. It may be a “new miracle cure for cancer” or that essential ingredient that we need to “fight infections and boost the immune system”. The information can be confusing and leave you with lots of unanswered questions. To help you sort out the confusion and find helpful resources on the topic, read on.

What is a supplement?
Supplements contain one or more dietary ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, herbs or botanicals and are found in many different forms (usually pill, capsule, tablet or liquid form). Supplements are not foods and are not food replacements – they are intended to “supplement” a healthy diet.

Dietary supplements are not intended to treat, diagnose, prevent or cure disease. In some cases, supplements can even interact with your normal prescription medications, decreasing or altering the desired effects and rendering your medications ineffective or unsafe. For example, the herbal supplement St. John’s Wort can speed the breakdown of many drugs including birth control pills, and antidepressants thereby reducing the drugs’ effectiveness.

In addition to these interactions, supplements may negatively interact with each other or cause undesired effects if consumed in excess of what your body needs. Many foods are fortified with extra nutrients these days. Supplementation beyond what is required along with intake of a normal diet and consumption of fortified foods could be overloading your body on certain nutrients.

Should I consider using a supplement?
If you consume a varied diet rich in vegetables, fruit, whole grains, and lean proteins, you probably do not need to add supplements to your diet. People who might consider supplementation include those who have been diagnosed with a deficiency disease or those for whom vitamin and mineral intake may be inadequate. People at risk for inadequate intake of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrate, protein, or fat include: pregnant women, people who lack access to healthy foods, alcohol-dependent individuals, strict vegetarians and those with increased or altered nutritional needs related to a health condition (such as those people who have a medical condition that alters how their body absorbs or uses nutrients).

If you are currently using supplements or are considering adding one to your diet, discuss the following with your doctor or dietitian first:

What are the potential health benefits of the product for me? What works for your best friend or family member, may not work for you and could even be harmful to your health. Eating a variety of nutritious foods is the best way to maintain health and prevent chronic disease.
How does this supplement fit into my total diet? If you don’t eat a nutritious variety of foods, some supplements might help you get adequate amounts of essential nutrients. Supplements cannot take the place of a varied diet, though.
Does this product have any safety risks? Always know your supplement and its risks, including interactions with medications, before adding it to your diet. The National Institute of Health (NIH) provides fact sheets on many of the common supplements summarizing benefits and risks. The Food and Drug Association (FDA) also posts reports of adverse events as they occur and makes recommendations for certain products.
What is the proper dose to take? The FDA monitors supplements once they have been placed on the market. It is the manufacturers’ responsibility to recommend serving sizes and doses based on research. Discuss your need for each supplement with your doctor to determine what dose may be appropriate for you.
How, when, and for how long should I take it? Each of these questions should be discussed with your doctor. The answers will vary by individual and by supplement.
Does this product seem too good to be true? More than likely the answer is yes. Read your label, research the product on the NIH and FDA websites and talk to your doctor before initiating any supplement regimen.

It is important to keep in mind that no supplement will replace the benefits of eating real food. To decrease your risk of disease and stay healthy, your best bet is to consume a diet rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains as well as lean protein and low fat dairy foods. If you find it difficult to consume everything your body needs or think you may need more of a certain nutrient for medical reasons, consult your doctor before purchasing and using a supplement. Your doctor or dietitian can help you navigate the supplement aisles of the grocery store and determine what your individual needs might be.

References:

National Institute of Health. Dietary supplements: What you need to know. (2011, June 17).

Federal Trade Commission. (2011, November). Dietary supplements.

USFDA. (2011, October 06). Dietary supplements.

ADA (2009). Position of the american dietetic association: Nutrient supplementation. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 109, 2073-2085.

National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine. (2011, November). St. john's wort.

What is Community Supported Agriculture?

2011-12-05T11:46:00.001-05:00

Mary Campbell, Extension Director and Urban Sustainability Agent

One of the ways that we can directly support local food production is through a membership in a local Community Supported Agriculture farm. Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) has gained recognition as a way to buy local. Consumers also have shown a desire to reconnect with the farmers who grow the crops. The CSA movement began in Japan and Europe and was introduced in the United States in 1986. Currently, there are approximately 1000 CSAs in the United States. Indian Line Farm in Massachusetts and Temple-Wilton Community Farm in New Hampshire were the first CSAs in the United States, both beginning in 1986.

CSA is a partnership between farmers and consumers. In conventional agriculture, the farmer bears all the risk of production, but CSA allows farmers to share farming’s risks—and its rewards—with consumers. CSA depends on people who pledge their financial support to a farm. At the beginning of the growing season, members pay a fee to cover the cost of the farm’s operations and the farmer’s salary. In return, each member receives a weekly share of the farm’s produce—typically a box of fresh vegetables and herbs, though the box might also include fruit, honey, eggs, and even meat. For farmers, CSA offers a fair, steady source of income—and a way to continue the small family farm. Consumers get fresh, great-tasting produce by someone that is part of the local community.

There are many reasons consumers join CSAs. One reason is that the consumer is able to get produce that has not been shipped. The produce is grown locally, reducing the price and damage of shipping. Since the produce is grown locally, the money paid for the produce is invested in locally owned and operated farms. Another reason to join a CSA is that a consumer is able to get items that are typically unavailable in the supermarket. Consumers join CSAs to support local farmers, have access to fresh, high quality produce, access to organic or pesticide-free produce, and to increase participation in community and environmental awareness programs. Not only can a CSA decrease costs for its members, it also gives consumers an inside view on the process of growing food.

Examples of Local CSA: (for informational purposes only)

Gateway Organic Farm
6000 150th Avenue North
Clearwater, FL

Sweetwater Organic Community Farm
Farm Office: 813-887-4066
Tampa, Fl

Geraldson Community Farm
1401 99th St NW
Bradenton, FL 34209
941-981-0111

Gamble Creek Farm
14950 Golf Course Rd
Parrish, FL 34219
941-981-0111

Resources:
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/cd019
http://www.florida-agriculture.com/consumers/community_supported_agriculture.htm

Throw Out Your Leftovers Day

2011-11-22T11:42:00.001-05:00

Nan Jensen RD, LD/N Extension Agent, Family and Consumer Sciences, Pinellas County Extension

There are a number of “food, nutrition and health days, weeks and months” to celebrate throughout the year. There is a day for eating red apples, chocolates, guacamole, and cookies, a month for eating ice cream and one for bringing awareness about diabetes and heart disease. Mark November 29 on your calendar and get ready to recognize “Throw Out Your Leftovers Day”. That is the day you need to throw away whatever is left over in the frig from the Thanksgiving feast. And “some” leftovers should be eaten or thrown away even earlier than that.

Leftovers can become dangerous to eat if they are not handled and stored properly. The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that more than a half million cases of foodborne illness are caused each year just from improperly handled turkey leftovers. Foodborne illness (food poisoning) can strike anyone but young children, pregnant women and their unborn babies, older adults, and persons with weak immune systems are especially vilnerable. Handling leftovers safely is one way to prevent bacteria from multiplying and causing foodborne illness.

To begin, put all leftovers away promptly. Remember the 2-Hour RuleBacteria grow rapidly between 40 and 140 °F. Discard all perishable foods such as meat, poultry, eggs, and casseroles, left at room temperature longer than 2 hours; 1 hour in temperatures above 90 °F. Cool any leftovers quickly in small shallow, airtight containers. Hot food left in larger, deeper containers can take a long time to cool. Putting leftovers in small, shallow containers allows the cold air to circulate around the containers to cool all of it more quickly. Again, the longer food remains warm, the greater the growth of potentially harmful bacteria.

The following is a list of selected cooked leftovers and recommended refrigerator storage time. Consider freezing these foods if you want to keep them longer.

Gravy and meat broth- 1 to 2 days
Cooked meat and meat dishes- 3 to 4 days
Cooked turkey and poultry dishes- 3 to 4 days
Cooked vegetables- 3 to 4 days

Other food safety tips

Always wash hands with warm water and soap for 20 seconds before and after handling food.

Remove turkey from the bone and store it separately from the stuffing and gravy. Sliced breast meat, legs and wings can be left whole.

Use an appliance thermometer to ensure that your refrigerator is always 40° F or below.

Leftovers should be reheated to an internal temperature of at least 165° F. Use a food thermometer to check the internal temperature. Sauces, soups, and gravies should be reheated by bringing them to a boil.

Give Us Your Input Today

2011-11-17T11:18:00.000-05:00

Your opinion counts! We need your help to do the best job possible. Pinellas County Extension strives to deliver the most current information on topics that are important to you. Each year we evaluate our efforts to provide up-to-date, research-based information to our community. To help us deliver what is valuable to you as our reader, we would like you to take a short survey. Please select the link below to access the online survey. Your feedback is greatly appreciated and your responses will be anonymous. Please take the survey today!

https://www.surveymonkey.com/s/3MVGMBL

Thank you for your time and continued support.

Gopher Weedon 7 Km Trail Run

2011-11-16T08:00:00.000-05:00

Gopher Weedon7 Km Trail RunBenefits the Friends of Weedon IslandSaturday, November 19th, 2011; 8:00 AM
Tired of pounding the pavement on the same ole’ 5K race course? Go-pher something different and enjoy 7 kilometers (4.35 miles) of natural trails through one of Tampa Bay’s hidden gems!
The Gopher Weedon 7 Km Trail Run will wind runners and walkers along well-maintained dirt and boardwalk trails through mangrove forest and scrub habitat, including gorgeous water views. This unique, professionally-timed race will be held on Saturday, November 19th at Weedon Island Preserve - a 3,700 acre preserve nestled along Tampa Bay in northeast St. Petersburg. Space is limited, register online today.
Proceeds will benefit the Friends of Weedon Island, Inc., a 501(c)(3) organization dedicated to supporting environmental preservation and education at Weedon Island Preserve Cultural and Natural History Center, 1800 Weedon Drive NE, St. Petersburg, FL 33702.
Registration ($30) includes a 1-year membership to the Friends of Weedon Island, Inc. (FOWI) and a race T-shirt. Special thanks to our sponsors: Publix, Farese Physical Therapy, Road ID, The Fresh Market, and Progress Energy.

Decorating With Holiday Plants, Inside and Out

2011-11-14T13:22:00.001-05:00

TheresaBadurek, Urban Horticulture Extension Agent, UF/IFAS Pinellas County Extension Service

Did you know that there are live Christmas tree farms here in Florida? To find one near you please visit the Florida Christmas Tree Association website. Buying a Florida tree supports local farmers and can provide you and your family a more traditional holiday experience. Christmas tree farms are “green” too- they provide green space preservation that also consumes carbon dioxide and releases oxygen into the environment. Many farms even have areas where you can choose and cut your own live tree. Not only will you create memories, but your fresh cut tree will last longer than one cut weeks before and shipped long distances.

The types of trees grown in Florida are different than those available on your typical Christmas tree lot full of northern varieties. The most common trees grown in Florida on Christmas tree farms are: Red Cedar, Virginia Pine, Sand Pine, Spruce Pine, Arizona Cypress and Leyland Cypress. I can tell you from personal experience that the sand pine makes a great traditional looking Christmas tree that will last long after Christmas is over. When your celebrations are done and the decorations put away, please remember to recycle your tree.

Sand pine grown in Florida on a Christmas tree farm.

Another great “green” choice for Christmas trees are living trees that you can plant in your landscape after the tinsel and ornaments have all been taken down. One example is a small rosemary tree for tabletops. For more info on their care, click here.

If you are interested in something larger, you might consider one of the species listed above that are grown on Christmas tree farms. Be sure that you have the appropriate growing conditions and ample space for the mature size of the tree you choose. Once the holidays are over you can plant the tree in your yard, and this is a great time to do so because January is the best time of the year to plant trees in Florida. Be sure to purchase your tree from a nursery. Do not dig up a wild tree as it is likely that transplant shock will kill the tree. They are also not as likely to have that traditional Christmas tree shape most people are looking for. While the tree is inside you need to keep the soil moist to ensure that the tree keeps growing. For all kinds of information about Christmas trees, both living and artificial, please visit UF's Solutions For Your Life.

Rosemary Tree

Other Popular HolidayPlants

There are several popular options for indoor plants for the holidays, ranging from the traditional to some more modern choices. Poinsettia is a traditional holiday favorite. These plants come in a variety of colors to suit your holiday decorating needs. If your holiday Poinsettia comes in a container wrapped in a foil outer cover, be sure to remove it or punch holes in the bottom to allow excess water to drain. Keep the soil around your poinsettia slightly moist, but not soggy, and place the plant in a bright window out of direct sunlight. Contrary to popular belief, poinsettias are non-poisonous and non-toxic, however, some people may be sensitive to the latex in poinsettia sap. Even though eating even a large number of leaves will not result in illness, the plant is not considered edible. If brought indoors it should be kept out of reach of children and pets. After the holidays these can be planted in your landscape. These plants are photo (light) sensitive and uninterrupted periods of dark (starting in early September) initiate the bloom. Artificial light at night from a porch, street, or window light will offset the flowering. Click here for more information on poinsettias and planting in the landscape.

http://vfd.ifas.ufl.edu/poinsettias/poinsettia_slideshow.shtml

Another traditional holiday plant is the flowering holiday cactus, the Christmas cactus and the Easter cactus. The Christmas cactus, Schlumbergera truncata, usually flowers from Thanksgiving to Christmas and its leaves have pointed lobes. The Easter cactus, Schlumbergera bridgesii, has wider leaves, which are rounded, flowers from Christmas to Easter. Allow soil to dry out between watering and keep the plant in bright light while in bloom. These are long-lived plants and can be kept outside in the shade during most of the year. These plants are also photo (light) sensitive and uninterrupted periods of dark (starting in early September) initiate the bloom. Artificial light at night from a porch, street, or window light will offset the flowering. They do need to be protected from frost and freezing temperatures. All parts of this plant are poisonous, so keep out of reach of pets and children. Click here for more information on Christmas cactus.

Photo courtesy Okeechobee CountyExtension

Kalanchoe, a winter blooming succulent, has become popular as a more modern holiday plant. The showy flowers are in terminal clusters and last for several weeks. Flower colors are yellow, pink, red, and various shades of orange. Since this is a succulent plant, let the soil dry out between watering. If grown in the landscape, kalanchoe prefers light, sandy, open, well-drained soils and is moderately salt tolerant. These plants are also photo (light) sensitive and uninterrupted periods of dark (starting in early September) initiate the bloom. Artificial light at night from a porch, street, or window light will offset the flowering. They are well suited to a rock garden or container garden. Here in Pinellas County they may be cold tender and will require cold protection during frost or freeze conditions. Click here for more information on kalanchoe.

Photo by HARRIET HOWARD HEITHAUS, DailyNews

Happy Holidays!

Energy Vampires Will Bleed You Dry

2011-10-24T11:35:00.001-04:00

SuzanneGrant, APR, Spokesperson/LeadCommunications Specialist,

ProgressEnergy Florida

Everyone knows a leaky faucet requires immediate attention because a leak wastes water and costs money. Yet lurking undetected in nearly every home, there are other leaks – energy vampires – that constantly drink from your electrical outlets, wasting energy and running up your power bill. These tiny gremlins with the glowing green eyes that peek out at us in the dark of night from every corner of your house need immediate attention, too.

Vampire loads, also called phantom loads or standby power, refer to the electric power consumed by electronic appliances while they are switched off or in a standby mode.

Here’s a scary thought: U.S. households spend rough $100 per year to power home electronics like clock displays and remote controls left in standby mode. According to the Department of Energy (DOE), vampire loads are ghoulishly responsible for approximately five percent of the energy consumed in the United States, costing more than $3 billion each year.

“Energy vampires haunt every room in your house,” said Malcolm Barnes, energy efficiency manager for Progress Energy Florida. “Unlike fictional vampires, they don’t sleep during the day. They draw power 24 hours a day, which quickly adds dollars to your power bill.”

Vampire loads on electronic equipment generally fall into three categories:

Clocks and other always-on components. Devices that use internal clocks or other modules that remain operational even in off mode. For example, a desktop computer keeps a clock and other functions operating even when it’s off.
Direct-current (DC) power: Pick your poison here; laptop and cell phone chargers, cordless phones, electric toothbrushes, etc., all rely on DC power and draws electricity all the time. If you leave your cell phone charger plugged in, it will still draw power even if fully charged or the phone is disconnected from the charger.
Electronic Controls: Appliances with remote controls or electronic power switches require a sensor to remain alert all the time – ready for someone to hit the on button.

Vampires are everywhere: microwaves; wireless power tools; coffee makers; DVR, DVD, and VCR players; cable and satellite boxes; MP3 players; digital TV converters and video game consoles. The DOE reports that in a typical U.S. home, eliminating energy vampires could save you two percent on your electric bill each month.

“There are a few tricks to kill energy vampires,” said Barnes. “The easiest way is to plug electronics into a power strip; then turn the strip off when not in use. Smart power strips do the work for you by automatically cutting off power when devices are not in use.”

Other ways to reduce phantom load include:

Turning off the computer monitor when it is not in use for more than 20 minutes, and turning off both the CPU and monitor if the computer will not be used for more than 2 hours.
Looking for the ENERGY STAR® label when purchasing new appliances. ENERGY STAR® appliances use less energy, sometimes half as much, to perform their normal duties.
Keeping it simple—avoid buying products that include ―bells and whistles‖ you don’t need. Some of these extra features might waste energy.
Watching out for the cube shaped- transformers that plug into the wall. These vampires are 60-80% inefficient when plugged in, so it is especially important that these are on power strips.

You can use an energy monitor to detect which devices are consuming this phantom energy in your home. Your local library may have these devices to check-out. Join Pinellas County Extension for classes on how to use these monitors, and borrow a monitor that day. We will be in libraries throughout the county in the coming months.

For a more thorough assessment, contact Progress Energy Florida for a no-cost Home Energy Check. Through the Progress Energy service – which can be performed online, over the phone or in person – a highly-trained Energy Advisor will provide customized, energy-saving advice and determine your eligibility for company rebates toward energy-efficient home improvements. A Home Energy Check is a prerequisite to all Progress Energy rebates for energy-efficient home improvements.
To sign up for a no-cost Home Energy Check or to learn more than 100 energy-saving tips, visit progress-energy.com/save or call 1.877.364.9003.

Progress Energy Florida, a subsidiary of Progress Energy (NYSE: PGN), provides electricity and related services to more than 1.6 million customers in Florida. The company is headquartered in St. Petersburg, Fla., and serves a territory encompassing more than 20,000 square miles including the cities of St. Petersburg and Clearwater, as well as the Central Florida area surrounding Orlando. Progress Energy Florida is pursuing a balanced approach to meeting the future energy needs of the region. That balance includes increased energy-efficiency programs, investments in renewable energy technologies and a state-of-the-art electricity system. Click here for more information about Progress Energy.

Fruits and Vegetables: Handle with Care

2011-10-19T10:49:00.004-04:00

Nan Jensen, Family and Consumer Sciences Agent, Pinellas County Extension

In the last couple of months, there have been 2 recalls on fruits and vegetables. The first is for cantaloupes from Jensen Farms in Colorado and most recently bags of shredded lettuce. The Food and Drug Administration informed Giant Eagle of the presence of listeria monocytogenes in a routine random sample test of Giant Eagle Farmer's Market 8-ounce package of Shredded Iceberg Lettuce, produced by River Ranch Fresh Foods LLC, of Salinas, Calif., with a use-by date of October 14, 2011.

Listeriosis, a serious infection usually caused by eating food contaminated with the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, is an important public health problem in the United States. It is linked primarily with meat and animal products, as well as with dairy products such as soft or surface-ripened cheeses such as brie and feta but fruits and vegetables have been implicated as well.

The disease primarily affects older adults, pregnant women, newborns, and adults with weakened immune systems. However, rarely, persons without these risk factors can also be affected. The risk may be reduced by recommendations for safe food preparation, consumption, and storage.

To minimize your risk, follow these guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control when selecting and preparing fruits and vegetables.

Carefully select fresh fruits and vegetables. When shopping, look for produce that is not damaged or bruised and make sure that pre-cut produce is refrigerated or surrounded by ice.

Rinse all fruits and vegetables before eating. This recommendation also applies to produce with rinds or skins that are not eaten. Rinse produce just before preparing or eating to avoid premature spoilage.

Clean all surfaces and utensils with soap and hot water, including cutting boards, peelers, counter tops, and knives that will touch fresh produce. Wash hands with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds before and after handling fresh fruits and vegetables.
Rinse fresh fruits and vegetables, including those with skins and rinds that are not eaten, under clean running water and avoid using detergents or bleach.
Remove the outer leaves of leafy vegetables such as lettuce and cabbage before washing.
Produce with firm skin, such as potatoes, may require rubbing with a vegetable brush while rinsing under clean running water to remove all soil.
Dry fruits and vegetables with a clean paper towel and prepare, cook, or eat.
Packaged produce labeled "ready to eat," "pre-washed," or "triple washed" can be used without further washing.

Keep produce separate from raw foods like meat, poultry, and seafood, in your shopping cart, grocery bags and in your refrigerator. Throw away any produce that will not be cooked if it has touched raw meat, poultry, seafood or eggs. Do not use the same cutting board without cleaning with hot water and soap before and after preparing fresh fruits and vegetables.

Refrigerate all cut, peeled, or cooked produce within 2 hours. After a certain time, harmful bacteria may grow on produce and increase the risk of foodborne illness.

Follow this general FDA advice for melon safety:

Consumers and food preparers should wash their hands with warm water and soap for at least 20 seconds before and after handling any whole melon, such as cantaloupe, watermelon, or honeydew.
Scrub the surface of melons, such as cantaloupes, with a clean produce brush and dry them with a clean cloth or paper towel before cutting.
Promptly consume cut melon or refrigerate promptly. Keep your cut melon refrigerated at, or less than 40 degrees F (32-34 degrees F is best), for no more than 7 days.
Discard cut melons left at room temperature for more than 4 hours.

Resources

Click here for more information on listeria, how to reduce your risk from listeria and food recalls.

The FDA-recall alerts can be found here.

Keeping Holidays Happy

2011-10-13T12:11:00.001-04:00

Jean Rogalsky, 4-H Youth Development Agent

Holidays are a wonderful happy time, but they can also be very stressful for families, especially children, because of the changes; the increase of social events, less time with parents, changes in schedule, and the tons of sweets and holiday treats. As the holiday season approaches, here are some tips on holiday spending and stress to ensure that you and your family have a happy holiday season.

Holiday Spending
Overspending finds you in debt afterwards. During tough economic times it is more important than ever to stick to a budget. You don't have to spend lots of money to have holiday spirit. Many people overspend because they feel trapped by holiday traditions and expectations. So make it your goal this year to not get trapped. Just because you have always done something one way, does not mean you cannot make changes. Have an honest talk with family members that you need to reduce spending this year. Let your children know what the holidays are really about and that gifts are something extra. Consider the following to cut down on holiday costs:

Set a limit on an amount to spend on each other and make sure the amount is something all can afford.
Draw names so each person only needs to purchase one gift.
Exchange gifts of service. Give someone with kids 4 hours of babysitting. A handyman can offer to make a number of repairs. You may have a skill you could pass on to someone else with lessons.
Be creative and make something versus buying something. A gift with your personal touch has more meaning.
Let children know that they cannot get everything they want, and help them prioritize their wishes.
Have potluck holiday parties. Don’t take on all the time and the expense.

Holiday Stress
Prepare yourself and your children for the emotions and stress that come before, during, and after the holiday. We get so busy with all that needs to be done and sometimes forget that our stress causes children’s stress.

Limit the number of social gatherings and events. While we hate to disappoint anyone, remember that too much change in a child’s schedule can cause behavioral issues.
Have the whole family get involved in preparing for the holidays. Make a list together and delegate tasks. Kids feel a part of the holiday when involved, and it lessens the stress on the parents.
Make decorations as a family. A child’s handiwork on display is a great source of pride.
Volunteer as a family to help another family in need or visit. Helping others in need puts the holidays in perspective.
Traditions are important to kids because it emphasizes the family. Everyone looks forward to traditions because it gives them a sense of security. It is never too late to start a new tradition in your home.

Here is a bit of research to keep in mind as you plan for the holidays. When elementary and middle school students were surveyed about their best holiday memory, the vast majority of the responses had to do with family time rather than gifts.

Have You Ordered Your 4-H Apples and Pecans?

2011-09-26T15:50:00.002-04:00

Jean Rogalsky, 4-H Youth Development Agent

Time is running out to order your 4-H apples and pecans. The last day to order is October 4.

This fund raiser of the Pinellas County 4-H Foundation benefits those who purchase the apples and pecans as well as the Pinellas County 4-H program. The buyers of the delicious apples receive a nutritious product fresh from the tree. The pecan buyers receive a versatile nutritious product guaranteed to be this year's crop. Did you know that store pecans are sometimes stored from the year before?

Benefiting from the purchase of the apples and pecans are the 4-H members. Each year $6,000.00 is allocated to assist 4-H members to attend Camp Ocala, 4-H Congress, weekend leadership workshops, compete at regional and national level, and other educational opportunities. As one 4-H member wrote, "At camp I made the best new friends and learned how important communication and respect is. Without the scholarship, my parents couldn't afford to send me and I wouldn't have had these great friends or learned so much!"

There are two kinds of apples offered in full or half bushels. A bushel of apples, in case you've forgotten, is approximately 40-42 pounds.

EMPIRE - This is a cross between a Red Delicious and McIntosh. They are medium sized fruit with dark red skin with a sweet tangy flavor that resembles McIntosh though with better color, flavor and keeping ability.

CRISPIN/MUTSU- This apple is a cross between Golden Delicious and Indo made in 1930 in Japan and introduced in 1948. It was renamed Crispin in England, a name that still persists in the US. The large to extra-large fruit has a yellow green skin with flesh similar to Golden Delicious though, slightly coarser in texture and tarter in flavor. This is an excellent all-purpose apple (baking, freezing, apple jelly/apple butter) that keeps well.

Whichever type of apple you buy, you will be purchasing one of the most nutritious fundraising items. While an apple a day may not keep the doctor away, apples are one of the best snack choices to make.

A medium sized apple contains 81 calories and zero grams of fat. Eating one apple will supply you with 3 grams of dietary fiber (12% of Daily Value) and surprisingly, 13% of the Daily Value of vitamin C. (National Dairy Council)
A full bushel of apples sells for $34.00 and half bushel for $20.00.
The plain Georgia pecans are sold in 16 ounce bags in halves or pieces. They sell for $10.00 a bag.

The chocolate covered, cinnamon glazed, and cluster pecans come in a decorative 12 ounce bag. They also sell for $10.00.

A one-ounce serving of plain pecans (approximately 20 halves) contains 196 calories, 20.4 grams total fat (1.8 saturated fat), 0 mg cholesterol, 2.7 grams dietary fiber and over 19 vitamins and minerals including vitamin A, vitamin E, calcium, potassium and zinc. One ounce of pecans provides 10 percent of the recommended Daily Value for fiber. Pecans are also a natural, high-quality source of protein. Pecans are also naturally sodium-free.

The apples and pecans are due to arrive the last week of October. Pickup dates for the apples and pecans are Oct. 26, 27, 28 and 29th at the Chester Ochs 4-H Educational Center better known as the Ochs 4-H Garden located at 14644 113th Ave. N. Largo. The parking lot is located off of 146th Street (Hamlin).

What better way to start your holiday shopping than to order plain pecans for holiday recipes and beautiful bags of covered pecans for gifts?
For more information on the apples and pecans, and to order, click here.

A Global Food Crisis

2011-09-19T10:12:00.004-04:00

Ramona Madhosingh-Hector, Urban Sustainability Agent, Pinellas County Extension

On October 16 2011, the United Nations will recognize World Food Day under the theme of Food Prices – From crisis to Stability. Since 1979, the United Nations has celebrated World Food Day as an opportunity to build awareness of the problem of hunger in the world encourage technological and economic cooperation amongst countries strengthen international and national agricultural efforts, and focus attention on food security.

In the past, we may have thought that only developing countries were facing food shortages, increased food prices and food safety concerns. The new reality is that global trade has left many nations struggling with food production and distribution issues. Food prices are continuously increasing caused either by climatic events that affect crop production or spurred by higher food transportation costs caused by increases in other commodities e.g. petroleum. Given these circumstances, it’s easy to understand how food security becomes a national security issue.

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) refers to the increased food price phenomenon as food price volatility. According to FAO, food price volatility is here to stay and presents a major threat to food security. Population increases, biofuel fervor, and protectionary agriculture measures contribute to the difficulty of stable food prices. The FAO Food Price Index was 231 points in August 2011, a 26 percent increase for the same period last year. Cereal, oils/fats, dairy and sugar price indices all reflected increases compared with the same period last year. Only the price of meat appeared to be stable with a 1% total increase over July 2011. To combat food price volatility, the FAO supports increased investment in agriculture. Investment options include infrastructure upgrades, marketing systems, extension and communication services, education, and research and development.

At home in the United States, we are well aware that food security is an important issue. Local food movements like community gardens and urban farms are one mechanism by which residents are taking hold of food production and distribution and minimizing food safety concerns. These new food ventures are likely here to stay as consumer concerns revolve not just around the price of the agricultural commodity and its point of origin but also around the inputs that are used in the production process and the food safety laws that govern international products. The nutritional value of our agricultural goods is also at stake.

With one billion hungry people worldwide, it is important to remember the definition of sustainability which pledges to “meet the needs of the present”. As we celebrate World Food Day in October, let us all do our part to ensure that the residents in our communities have access to food in sufficient quantities and of a high nutritional value.

Resources:
Overview World Food Day 2011
Food and Agricultural Organization
Get Involved – World Food Day
EDIS factsheets on Food Safety
Pinellas County Food Donations

Streamline Your Finances

2011-09-12T08:52:00.004-04:00

Nan Jensen RD, LD/N Extension Agent, Family and Consumer Sciences, Pinellas County Extension

Do you ever feel like there are too many things to do and never enough time? Most of us could probably answer yes to this question. By investing some time and effort into organizing your financial life, you can save many hours and even a significant amount of money. The Financial Deposit Insurance Corporation offers some tips to help

1. Use direct deposit. Make sure to have your pay, pension or Social Security benefits automatically deposited into your bank account. It is easy, convenient and a much safer option. It may even help you avoid bank fees. Direct deposit also gives you access to your money sooner than with a paper check.

2. Automate recurring bills. Often merchants like insurance companies, or utilities, will allow you to pay recurring bills with an automatic withdrawal from your checking account or through a charge to your credit card. However, be sure to record these transactions in your check register to avoid overdrawing your account. And if you charge the bills to a credit card, pay the balance in full by the due date to avoid interest charges.

3. Consider online banking. This service allows you to review deposits and withdrawals, keep track of your balance, and move funds between accounts.

4. Save money automatically. Arrange with your bank or employer to automatically transfer a certain amount into savings accounts or investments on a regular schedule.

5. Consolidate accounts. By consolidating accounts you can reduce mail and paperwork, avoid certain fees and may even get better deals. This step makes it easier to monitor your entire portfolio and ensure that your money is properly diversified. If you plan to consolidate your deposits at one institution make sure the combined funds don't exceed the FDIC's deposit insurance limitations.

6. Look into money-management tools. Software that you download to your computer or Web services managed by your bank or another third-party can give you an updated snapshot of all your account information from multiple institutions, in one place. The programs also can help you organize your finances, understand how you spend your money, and spot a potential fraud or theft.
Do your homework and choose a known and trusted organization, as most of these services collect account numbers and passwords along with other confidential and personally identifiable information

7. Update your legal documents. In addition to reviewing your will, check the beneficiaries listed on life insurance policies and retirement accounts. Update documents that would enable someone to handle your finances or other personal matters if you lose the ability to do so. Be sure to let loved ones know where copies of all legal documents can be found.

8. Get your papers under control. Set up a central filing system at home for your financial records and designate one place for gathering your bills.

9. Don't let a disaster catch you off guard. If an emergency were to occur and you had only few moments to evacuate your home, perhaps for several days or even weeks, would you have access to cash, banking services and the personal identification you need to conduct your day-to-day financial life? Make sure you have all your family's records and valuable documents in one place so you can easily pick them up and take them with you. For information on what types of records to take, check out Disaster Planning: Important Papers and Documents.

10. Learn more about managing your finances. There are many on-line resources and classes to help you learn more about managing your financial life. Pinellas County Extension is offering a Focus on Your Finances series October 11, 18 and 25. To register go to Pinellas County Extension and click on the registration button.

First Annual Pinellas Home Energy Symposium September 24th

2011-09-06T08:57:00.004-04:00

On September 24th UF/IFAS Pinellas County Extension will host the first annual Pinellas Home Energy Symposium. This year’s theme is retro-fitting your older Pinellas County home.

Pinellas County was developed most extensively in the 50s-70s and the homes built then did not have the energy efficient components that today’s homes have. As a result, most residents live in homes that can waste electricity— creating higher power bills and putting a greater demand on the power company to produce more energy. Register today for this free, 3-hour symposium online at pinellascountyextension.org.

A keynote address and a panel discussion will answer participants’ questions on what the best retro-fits are for Pinellas County homes, and what incentives/financing is available for making those improvements.

The keynote address will be from Dr. Jennifer Languell, Founder and President of Trifecta Construction Solutions. Dr. Languell has been a champion for green building and sustainable design for nearly two decades. Dr. Languell is one of the country’s leading sustainability consultants and is currently on the National Governors Association Policy Academy on Advanced Energy Solutions. Dr. Languell is based in Ft. Meyers Florida, and certainly knows the challenges of energy efficiency in a hot, humid climate.

Confirmed panelists include:

Dr. Randall Cantrell, University of Florida Assistant Professor and Extension Specialist in Housing and Community Development. Dr. Cantrell has recently completed a 7-year stint at the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) Research Center where he served as Manager of Innovation Research. His appointment at UF is 60 percent extension education and 40 percent research. His main area of focus is on educating homeowners about how to increase the performance of their home.

John Ferrari, LEED AP, BD+C, Vice President of Business Development at EcoAsset Solutions, a subsidiary of Lykes Bros. With over 20 years of global business development experience, John most recently served as a co-founder and CEO of DwellGreen, a leading franchisor in the building performance management sector. John is also a LEED Accredited Professional and a Licensed Florida Real Estate Broker. John currently serves on the boards of DwellGreen, the US Green Building Council’s Gulf Coast Chapter, Myakka River Branch, and the Florida House Institute.

Gary Cook, Account Executive for Progress Energy-Florida. Gary oversees Progress Energy’s “Home Advantage” program in the Pinellas County area. The “Home Advantage” program is an incentive program designed to encourage builders to build up to the ENERGYSTAR level. After serving twenty-one years in the United States Marine Corps, Gary began his career with Progress Energy in 1997. He worked in the Energy Management department until 2002. Gary transferred into the “Energy Efficiency” department where he works today with several builders in the Tampa Bay area.

Jeremiah Rohr, Lead Instructor, Solar Source Institute, Largo. Jeremiah took his background in industrial technology and construction management and married that with his interest in solar technology and today provides education in solar thermal and photo-voltaic principles at the Solar Source Institute. Jeremiah’s interest in solar dates back to the energy crisis in the ‘70s. Jeremiah’s vast knowledge of manufacturing, engineering, construction and project management makes him a valuable “one-stop-shop” for questions about solar devices for saving energy.

Richard Duncan, Pinellas homeowner, recent Sustainable Floridian Graduate and alternative energy practitioner. Richard has installed both solar water heating and solar photovoltaic energy production systems at his home. Richard will be able to address the ins-and-outs of pursuing and obtaining alternative energy upgrades to the home. Would he do it all over again? Ask him on the 24th!

Other panelists will cover financing for energy efficiency upgrades.

Registration for this free symposium is available online www.pinellascountyextension.org. Space is limited, so sign-up today. Registered participants will receive a free LED replacement light bulb. This lighting-for-the-future today replaces a traditional 60 watt incandescent light bulb, but uses 80% less energy and lasts 50 times longer. These LEDs were made in Florida, and are being provided by a grant from the US Department of Energy.

Refreshments will be provided by Solar Source Institute.

What: Pinellas Home Energy Symposium

When: Saturday, September 24, 9:00 am – noon

Where: UF/IFAS Pinellas County Extension, 12520 Ulmerton Road, Largo, 33774

How register: visit pinellascountyextension.org and select the Extension Service under the Registration tab on the main page. Follow the easy instructions and you are in!

See you on the 24th.

Organic Vegetable Gardening Toolbox

2011-08-30T08:00:00.001-04:00

Theresa Badurek, Urban Horticulture Extension Agent, Pinellas County Extension

As we approach the fall vegetable garden season here in Central Florida we need to take a look at the tools we have to help build a successful organic garden. The intention here is not to achieve organic certification, but to grow healthy food for our families and use healthy practices for our planet. If you are starting a new garden or going organic for the first time, you should understand that it may take time to build a healthy garden. The soil structure must be built and you must hone your practices to watch for pests and diseases.

Soil Preparation
Organic matter and any organic fertilizers should be worked into your soil at least three weeks ahead of planting. If you are using compost and mulches be sure that there are no large clumps of unrotted organic material. These can harbor disease problems as well as hinder seedlings or their growth. When your conditions are right, these organic materials will be processed by microorganisms like fungi, algae, bacteria, molds, and earthworms. As they do this they make important nutrients available to your plants. This is one reason why it is important to NOT use pesticides in your garden. Pesticides destroy these critical organisms that work so hard for your garden. For detailed information on the various soil amendments, please refer to the publication link at the end of this article.

Seeds and Transplants
While it may seem obvious to buy organic seeds and starts, or transplants, there is much more to your plant material than that if you want a successful organic garden. The most important thing you can do is select the right crops and varieties for our area and plant them at the right time. We are often tempted to plant crops or varieties that we know and love from some other geographic location, but these are often not suited to our unique subtropical climate. How do you know what and when to plant? Print the following publication, Florida Vegetable Gardening Guide. Use this to plan your garden layout and bring it with you when shopping for seeds and plants. Pay special attention to Table 4, “Suggested Varieties for Florida Gardens” and Table 3 “Planting Guide for Florida Vegetables”.

Watering
A good organic soil will be full of organic materials that help the soil retain water, as will good garden mulch. There is more you can do to use water wisely in an organic garden, though. To begin, a good soaking once a week throughout the root zone will be necessary unless there is sufficient rainfall. Drip or trickle irrigation will help you conserve water while avoiding wetting the leaves. Wet leaves can encourage disease, and disease prevention is an important tool in the organic gardener’s toolbox. If you use overhead irrigation, be sure to water in the early morning hours, not in the evening. Always follow local watering restrictions.

Pests and Diseases
So, how do you keep uninvited guests from eating all of your hard work in the garden? Well, you must have a regular scouting routine for pests. At every step of your gardening adventure you should be looking for signs of pests. Hopefully you selected resistant varieties from the “Florida Vegetable Gardening Guide” publication (see link above) and inspected your plants for pests and diseases before purchase and planting. Learn to recognize the beneficial insects that help control the “bad guys” that cause damage. Not using pesticides will help preserve the “army” of beneficial insects in your garden. A great guide to start learning about beneficial insects is “Natural Enemies and Biological Control”: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/IN/IN12000.pdf.

There are more things you can do to help prevent and control pests and diseases, though. Here is a sampling from the “Organic Vegetable Gardening” publication whose link you will find at the end of this article:

Use a mulch; vegetables touching the soil may rot.
A good garden mulch tends to reduce damage caused by nematodes.
Keep out weeds which harbor insects and diseases.
Water in morning so plants are not wet at night.
Dispose of severely diseased plants before they contaminate others.
Hand-pick insects.
For cutworms, place a cardboard or tinfoil collar around plant stems at ground level.
Clean up crop refuse early.
Rotate garden areas.

There is so much to be gained from a beautiful organic garden- fresh healthy produce, a safe environment for the gardener, and a balanced ecosystem that allows nature to do some of the work for you. For more information and tools for your organic garden, please see this Organic Vegetable Gardening publication

Family Money- The Coupon Craze

2011-08-26T08:00:00.000-04:00

Nan Jensen, Family and Consumer Sciences Agent, Pinellas County Extension

Consumers across the country are increasingly looking for ways to save money to deal with the higher costs of goods and services and the effects of the slow economic recovery. “Couponing” has become increasingly popular and a common strategy to reduce expenses in the family budget.

Coupons typically are found in magazines or newspapers or distributed by stores that print their own coupons. Grocery stores and companies frequently offer special deals and coupons on-line. Printing coupons from the Internet and obtaining them digitally from online coupon aggregators has become common. Sites include RedPlum.com, Coupons.com, CouponMom.com, SmartSource.com and others. Some sites such as HeyItsFree.net offer free samples and product updates. Twitter accounts such as @freestuffrocks and @freenology provide updates and news feeds on free goods.

While couponing can save money, think about the time you invest. What we often don’t see with extreme coupon users is the amount of time spent researching and collecting coupons, money spent joining coupon sites or time spent researching store policies on redeeming them.

To help you get the most out of your couponing experience consider the following tips:

Save time by organizing your coupons in an envelope, coupon file, or even a zipper-style plastic bag---anything that is small enough to take with you to the grocery store. Arrange them in alphabetical order, by categories or the aisles in your grocery store or how often you buy the product.
Don’t buy something just because you have a coupon. Buy only what you need to stay on budget.
When it comes to food, consider the nutritional value of the item. Many times food coupons are for snack foods and other packaged items that have limited nutritional value.
Read coupons carefully for requirements and restrictions.
Match up weekly sale items with coupons to get the best deal. Stock up on nonperishable items for your pantry when they are on sale. Stores usually repeat the sale price on different categories on a 12-week cycle, so buy enough staples to last until it is on sale again.
Trade coupons with friends and family, and even involve your children. Couponing can be a great way to teach children about money.
Compare prices. Another brand may be cheaper than the item with the coupon. Check unit pricing for the best deals.

Also check coupons for expiration dates, product sizes and amounts you can buy. If it doesn’t fit your needs, save your money.

Some stores will accept expired coupons. It doesn’t hurt to ask.

After checking out, read your receipt to be sure your coupons were properly credited.

If you use on-line coupon sites, consider how much personal information you have to give up in order to get them. Some websites require consumers to download software and agree to individual licensing agreements. Read the fine print.

For more information on other financial topics visit pinellascountyextension.org.

Buy Green Products and Save

2011-08-23T09:47:00.004-04:00

Mary Campbell, Extension Director and Urban Sustainability Agent

There are many reasons why more and people are buying green products. Recent studies show that even during the recent recession, more people are still interested in green products. Sales of green products, such as organic foods and natural personal care items, have jumped 15 % since 2006, according to research firm Mintel International. Green products have less of an impact on the environment than comparable non-green products. This may mean that the product can be recycled or is made of recycled products, and it may save natural resources, energy and water. It may also have less packaging to save paper or plastic or be a locally produced and sourced product. Local products are considered greener since they do not have to be transported long distances. Green products can also have less of an impact on people since they contain fewer toxic components or are non-polluting. A less toxic environment supports healthier communities.

Partner environmentally friendly products with cost savings and that is a win-win we all love. Compact fluorescent light bulbs use 75% less energy and last 10 times longer than standard incandescent bulbs. If every American home replaced just one light bulb with an ENERGY STAR qualified bulb, we would save enough energy to light more than 3 million homes for a year, more than $600 million in annual energy costs, and prevent greenhouse gases equivalent to the emissions of more than 800,000 cars. That sounds pretty green, but what does Energy Star mean?

According to the Energy Star website, ENERGY STAR is a joint program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy helping us all save money and protect the environment through energy efficient products and practices. Americans, with the help of ENERGY STAR, saved enough energy in 2009 alone to avoid greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to those from 30 million cars, while saving nearly $17 billion on utility bills.

Energy Star is a third party certifier that uses standard criteria to qualify a product as energy efficient. There are third party certifiers for many different products. There is no one certifier for all green products. The best way to know if the product you are considering to purchase is really green, look for a third party certifier. Check out some of the more common certifiers from the US Small Business Administration. Green Seal sets product standards and awards its label to a wide variety of products .

Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Electricity: Certified by Scientific Certification Systems
Buildings: The U.S. Green Building Council LEED Green Building Rating System
Chlorine-Free Products: Certified by the Chlorine Free Products Association
Energy Efficient Products: Certified by the U.S. Government's ENERGY STAR Program
Organic Produce: Certified by the USDA National Organic Program
Renewable Energy: Certified by the Green-e Certification Program
Wood Products: Criteria set by Forest Stewardship Council

If the product you are considering is not certified, check the label yourself and look for these things:

Non-toxic (no Caution, Warning or Danger on the label)
Can be recycled or has recycled content (example: 30% post consumer content recycled paper)
Saves energy or water
Durable and reusable
Made from natural or renewable materials
Produced locally
Healthier for people

Be wise about how you spend your money and look for the win-win combinations of “saves money”, saves the planet, and protects people.

Safety of Sprouts

2011-07-02T07:00:00.002-04:00

Nan Jensen RD, LD/N Extension Agent, Family and Consumer Sciences, Pinellas County Extension

Sprouts have long been considered a healthy food low in calories, sodium and fat and filled with fiber, vitamins and health-promoting phytochemicals. Recently though they have come under fire because of the recent foodborne illness outbreaks in Germany. Since 1996, there have been at least 30 reported outbreaks of foodborne illness associated with different types of raw sprouts. The seed is typically the source of the bacteria in outbreaks associated with sprouts. Sprouts are produced by soaking the seeds in water and then putting them in a warm, moist environment for 3 to 7 days to encourage them to germinate and grow. These conditions are also ideal for the growth of bacteria, including Salmonella, Listeria, and E. coli.

The FDA has provided the sprout industry with guidance on reducing the risk of contamination of sprouts by harmful bacteria. There are a number of approved techniques to kill harmful bacteria that may be present on seeds and even tests for seeds during sprouting, but no treatment is guaranteed to eliminate all harmful bacteria.

Even homegrown sprouts can pose a threat but there are some steps consumers can take to treat the seeds before they are sprouted. The publication Growing Sprouts at Home by the University of California Division of Agricultural Resources tells you how.

As a consumer, you can reduce your risk of illness from consuming sprouts by following this advice.

Shopping:

• When shopping for sprouts, make sure you purchase them from the refrigerated section.

• Examine the package carefully to make sure there are no signs of spoilage.

• Look for the sell by date and do not purchase if the date has passed.

During preparation:

• Children, the elderly, pregnant women, and persons with weakened immune systems should avoid eating raw sprouts of any kind (including alfalfa, clover, radish, and mung bean sprouts).Cooking sprouts can kill the bacteria, thereby reducing the risk of illness.

• Begin with clean hands. Wash your hands for 20 seconds with warm water and soap before and after preparing any fresh produce.

• Rinse sprouts with cool water just before preparing or eating. This procedure will reduce the bacteria but will not eliminate it. Do not use soap or detergents.

• Wash and sanitize utensils, cutting boards, counters and the kitchen sink, after coming into contact with fresh produce as well as raw meat and poultry items. To sanitize, mix 1 teaspoon of bleach to 1 quart of water. Pour mixture on surfaces or submerge items for at least 1 minute. Rinse surfaces well with hot water and air dry utensils.

• Always use clean cutting boards for any type of fresh produce.

For more information on food safety and handling, visit the FDA website at http://www.foodsafety.gov/ or call FDA Consumer Inquiries toll free at 1-888-SAFEFOOD.

Thinking Coastal

2011-06-29T10:14:00.012-04:00

Ramona Madosingh-Hector, Urban Environmental Sustainability, Pinellas County Extension

I am sure you’ve been asked the famous Monday morning question many times – what did you do this weekend? Maybe you went swimming, boating or fishing and if you did, you are ONE of the many millions of Florida residents who enjoy the coastal lifestyle.

In a nation with 35 states that border oceans, coasts or Great Lakes including the territories of the United States Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, the opportunities for coastal recreation are limitless. Coastal states border 95,531 miles of ocean and Great Lakes coastline and represent about 99 percent of the total United States coastline1 – that’s a lot of fishing line!

Although our easy, breezy coastal lifestyle is the envy of the nation, coastal residents are all too aware of the changes and impacts occurring within the coastal environment. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration recently created a website called the State of the Coast, which examines coastal communities, economies, ecosystems and climate. Across the nation -

• More than 50% of the nation’s population live in coastal counties

• Coastal counties represent 17% of the total land area excluding Alaska

• Coastal populations have risen and between 1970 – 2011, there was a 47% increase

• 13.6 million people are projected to move into coastal counties by 2020

• 69 million jobs existed in coastal counties in the United States in 2007

• $7.9 trillion contributed to GDP in 2007 from 673 coastal counties

Although coastal states are major economic drivers in the national and local economy, it is important to balance competing uses like residential development due to increased population and economic growth due to coastal tourism. An unbalanced approach places tremendous stress on the coastal ecosystem, increases user conflicts, and jeopardizes critical infrastructure.

As you plan your summer adventures to the coast, here are some tips to help you reduce your impact on our valuable coastal ecosystem.

• Properly dispose of fishing line, hooks, and nets.

• Be accountable for your personal trash by using recycling bins and trashcans at beach parks. Pack a waste-free picnic basket using reusable containers, paper products or bring plates and silverware from home. You’ll be less inclined to leave those items behind!

• Use designated public access walkways and dune walkovers to protect bird nesting areas, sea oats and sand dunes.

• Practice proper boat safety for yourself, your passengers and our coastal wildlife.

Make everyday a coastal clean-up day!

Resources:
1Coastal Zone Management Program

Leave No Trace

Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission

Ocean Conservancy

National Ocean Council

Greasy Spot

2011-06-27T10:11:00.000-04:00

By Theresa Badurek, UF/IFAS Extension Agent, Pinellas County Extension
Greasy spot is not that new burger joint in town- we’re talking about a citrus problem called “Greasy Spot”. This unsightly disease is caused by a fungus called Mycosphaerella citri. While the symptoms for this disease are usually evident during the fall and winter, now is the time to treat a diseased tree. So, when you chomp down on the greasy burger at the 4th of July picnic, remember “greasy spot” and you will remember to care for your infected citrus.

How to tell if your citrus has greasy spot:

Symptoms often start as yellow mottling on the underside of the leaves, as seen in this picture:

Later this tissue swells and eventually turns brown and the symptoms become visible on the top side of the leaf as well. The next photo shows the symptoms on both leaf surfaces:

Infected leaves will often fall from the tree before these lesions (brown to black greasy-looking spots) are visible. The appearance of these lesions can vary according to the type of citrus, both in the timing and appearance of the lesions. Some citrus varieties will show symptoms as early as November or as late as January. Grapefruit is more susceptible than other types of citrus.

Greasy spot infection can also show symptoms on the fruit itself. This looks like tiny black spots on the surface of the rind. Larger specks may even coalesce (grow together) on grapefruit and look like pink pitting on the fruit surface. This is called greasy spot rind blotch (photo below).

The leaf drop caused by this disease can reduce the yield of the tree the following year, and cold damage has been noted to be more severe on defoliated trees.

How does greasy spot spread?

Greasy spot follows a seasonal pattern. First a few leaves drop in the summer and fall, then more in the winter, and finally by spring there is an accumulation of fallen leaves under the tree. By May and June the more frequent rainfall will encourage spore development. Remember that this is a fungus and spreads through the production of spores. Unfortunately this is also a great time for the infection to spread as the infected leaf litter below the tree releases spores. These spores can be transported several hundred yards on a breeze. There is an optimal window of temperature and humidity that encourages germination of greasy spot spores; between 77-86 degrees (F) and near 100% humidity. In Florida that means almost every night throughout the summer is just right for the growth of this fungus.

What to do if your citrus has greasy spot:

If you have a citrus tree with this fungus, the first thing you need to do is to practice good sanitation. This means removing all of the dead leaves from around the tree. This will reduce the spore development that will spread the infection. Then, a single application of copper fungicide between mid-May and mid-July is usually all it takes in our area to control greasy spot. A great way to remember this each year is to think about greasy spot when you bite into that juicy, greasy burger at your 4th of July picnic. If you haven’t treated by then, you will remember to do so by the mid-July window of opportunity. A treatment of horticultural oil can also help control greasy spot by preventing the spores from penetrating the leaf surface. If you treat with a copper fungicide, wait at least ten days before treating with a horticultural oil. Always be sure to read and follow all label instructions!

For more information on greasy spot: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/CH/CH01500.pdf

Summer Fertilizer Ban Starts June 1

2011-05-28T09:38:00.001-04:00

By Jane Morse, UF/IFAS Extension Agent, Pinellas County Extension

June 1 is the beginning of the summertime fertilizer blackout. During this time you cannot apply any fertilizers containing nitrogen or phosphorus to your lawn or landscape until October. The County’s strict fertilizer ordinance – aimed at improving water quality - prohibits using these products from June 1 through Sept. 30 or at any time of year the National Weather Service forecasts heavy rains to occur within 24 hours.

During the time of year when you are allowed to fertilize, you still must keep in mind that no more than four pounds of nitrogen per 1,000 square feet per year can be applied, and that granular fertilizers containing nitrogen must be at least 50 percent slow release nitrogen. Also that phosphorus is not allowed unless a soil test documents a phosphorus deficiency.

Knowing what’s in the fertilizer can help you decide what is best for your lawn and how to apply it correctly. You can check out the three numbers on a fertilizer bag to learn the percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium it contains. (The rest is filler that allows uniform application of the nutrients and helps prevent over-or-under fertilizing of certain areas.)

There are other fertilizer “rules” for protecting the environment as well as public health: Use a deflector shield when applying. Don’t apply within 10 feet of a wetland or water body. Fertilizer or grass clippings that get on sidewalks, driveways, streets, etc. must be returned to the landscape areas or swept up immediately. Nitrogen should not be applied to any newly-installed plants for the first 30 days. If you use reclaimed water you may not need any extra nitrogen fertilizer because the reclaimed water contains nitrogen.

Pinellas County’s fertilizer ordinance also requires all lawn and landscape personnel to pass a best management practices class. You should hire only those who display the decal and carry a certification card.

We all want clean water. An important way to protect water quality is to make sure nothing but pure water flows into storm drains. Our storm drains are a direct conduit to our creeks, lakes and marine waters and aren’t treated in any way. All hard surfaces such as driveways, sidewalks and streets drain to storm drains so it is very important to keep these areas clean.

Some easy things we can do to keep our water clean are to keep all grass clippings, leaves, fertilizer, household or vehicle chemicals or anything that isn’t plain water from going down the storm drain. Sweep grass clippings back into the landscape or put them into a compost bin. Use leaves as mulch in plant beds, compost them, or put them in the trash. Keep all chemicals in a secondary container so if the original container springs a leak the secondary one will catch it and keep the leak contained. (One quart of oil creates an oil slick the size of two football fields!) Pick up pet waste and dispose of it in the trash. Wash vehicles over grass or gravel to prevent runoff. Never drain chlorinated water to the street or storm drain. Reclaimed water contains nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus so make sure it isn’t spraying onto any hard surfaces or draining off your property into the street.

Always remember - nothing but rain down the drain.

For any questions on disposal of waste, including fertilizer, pesticides and weed control products, contact the Pinellas County Department of Solid Waste Operations at (727) 464-7500.

For information or to report illegal dumping, you can reach the Pinellas County Watershed Management Division at (727) 464-4425 ext.5 or watershed@pinellascounty.org. There is a 24-hour hotline at (727) 464-5060 (non-emergency spills only). Emergencies: Please call your local fire department.

The information for this article came from the Division’s brochure entitled “A Guide to the Fertilizer Ordinance.” All regulatory questions should be directed to the Watershed Division at (727) 464-4425.

Let’s get ready for June!

2011-05-26T09:45:00.000-04:00

Ramona Madhosingh-Hector, Regional Specialized Agent, Urban Environmental Sustainability, Pinellas County Extension

Florida residents and visitors agree that the beauty of our state lies in our natural resources – warm climate, celebrated parks and preserves, and world famous beaches. Our access to the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean is an important recreational and economic asset but when hurricane season approaches, we are quickly reminded that natural disasters are possible.

June 1 marks the beginning of hurricane season and to help us get prepared, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) recognizes May 22 through May 28 as National Hurricane Preparedness Week. According to NOAA, you should be able to answer these three simple questions before a hurricane threatens:

• What are the hurricane hazards

• What does it mean to you?

• What actions should you take to be prepared?

With 825 miles of sandy beaches and over 8400 miles of tidal coastline, Florida’s coastline is second only to Alaska and is an extremely large area to manage in the event of a storm. Since the entire state of Florida is considered the coastal zone and each Florida resident lives within 70 miles of the coast, it is important that you

• know your evacuation zone,

• develop a family plan for evacuation,

• create a disaster supply kit, and

• stay informed.

The 2011 NOAA hurricane outlook predicts 12 to 18 storms in the Atlantic with three to six becoming major hurricanes so it is important to understand the Saffir Simpson scale. The scale provides a measure of storm intensity and the chart below describes some possible impacts.

Category Wind Speed Possible Impacts

*Category*	*Wind Speed*	*Possible Impacts*
Category One	74-95 mph	Generally, no substantial damage to building structures; potential damage primarily to unanchored mobile homes, shrubbery and trees.
Category Two	96-110 mph	Possible damage to roofs, doors and windows; expect considerable damage to vegetation, mobile homes and piers; potential flooding in low-lying areas
Category Three	111-130 mph	Some structural damage to small residences expected; destruction of mobile homes; coastal and inland flooding.
Category Four	131-155 mph	Some complete roof structure failure on small residences; beach erosion; major damage to lower floors in coastal homes.
Category Five	Greater than 155 mph	Complete roof failure on many residences and industrial buildings; some complete building failures; major damage to coastal homes; possible mandatory evacuations issued.

With over 18 million residents in 67 coastal counties, Florida is no stranger to hurricanes. The annual Governor’s Hurricane Conference was held May 15 – 20 in Fort Lauderdale under the theme “25 years: Learning from the Past, Preparing for the Future”. Preparation, teamwork and communication are the keys to increasing Florida’s response effectiveness when disaster strikes.

Do your part by becoming hurricane aware – be prepared for the 2011 hurricane season!

Resources:

National Hurricane Center

Ready.gov

Florida Division of Emergency Management

Florida Coastal Management Program

Pinellas County Emergency Management

University of Florida/EDIS/Hurricanes

University of Florida/EDIS/Disasters

Do you want to be a Citizen Scientist?

2011-05-25T08:47:00.002-04:00

Are you curious and persistent? Then you would make a great Citizen Scientist. Extension will provide training for you to become a Citizen Scientist on June 18 from 9 am to 12 pm at the Extension office in Largo (12520 Ulmerton Road). You can sign up online using the on-line registration feature at Extension. Any skill and age level can participate in a national program to monitor changes to the life cycles of plants and animals. Instructions are found at Nature’s Notebook. Work is done independently on any plant or animal species chosen – you can select your own site and what you want to observe.

Phenology is the study of recurring life-cycle events such as the flowering of plants and animal migration. Monitoring the changes to life cycle events is very important for addressing applied environmental issues. The data collected are a simple measure that anyone can do to add to the overall understanding of changes to life cycles of local plants and animals. A national network was set up in 2007 to make more data available for a larger variety of plants and animals to assist scientists. The USA National Phenology Network (USA-NPN) monitors the influence of climate on the phenology of plants, animals, and landscapes. They do this by encouraging people to observe phenological events like leaf out, flowering, migrations, and egg laying, and by providing a place for people to enter, store, and share their observations. Timing of life cycle events for plants and animals helps predict things like the timing of allergy season and other important processes that impact us.

Join us for this exciting new program in Pinellas County and be a part of a national effort to provide scientists with information.

Resources:
http://www.usanpn.org/

Latest Research Shows 4-H Members Are Making Healthy Choices

2011-05-20T09:00:00.000-04:00

Jean Rogalsky, 4-H Agent, Pinellas County Extension

You may have read before that studies show 4-H youth have higher educational achievement, are more likely to plan for college, volunteer, and make more contributions to their communities than other youth. It should be no surprise that the structured learning, the encouragement of the club setting, and the adult mentoring that is the core of the 4-H program plays such a vital role in helping 4-H members achieve success. Dr. Richard Lerner, a youth development scholar at the Institute for Applied Research in Youth Development at Tufts University and his team have been working for nearly ten years to conduct The 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. The results are published periodically. This study has also shown that girls in 4-H were more apt to participate in science, computer technology, and engineering than their non-4-H peers.

The latest findings, referred to as Wave 6, show that 4-H youth are engaging in more positive healthy living behaviors than youth that do not participate in 4-H. According to the study, 4-H’ers, regardless of their background, socio-economic status, race, and gender, thrive through the health/safety education and experiences they receive through 4-H programming.

Dr. Lerner’s study has found that, when compared to other youth, young people involved in 4-H are:

• More likely to spend more time exercising or being physically active;
• Two times less likely to engage in drug use;
• Two times less likely to use cigarettes or drink alcohol.

According to Dr. Lerner, “The results of this longitudinal study continually reinforce the idea that when youth participate in programs such as 4-H, they thrive in numerous ways including health, positive development, and community contribution. The comparisons we’ve made between 4-H youth and other young people highlight the considerable strengths and health of the young men and young women participating in 4-H around the country.”

With these outcomes in hand, 4-H nation-wide is moving forward by joining with the White House’ Let’s Move campaign. Here is a quote from Donald Floyd, Jr., president and CEO of National 4-H Council: “With nearly 2.7 million youth enrolled in 4-H healthy living programs in 2009, the findings from the Tufts study underline 4-H’s unique ability to make a significant impact on the health and wellness of many of our nation’s future leaders. Working in conjunction with the White House’s Let’s Move! campaign and the Presidential Active Lifestyle Award challenge, 4-H’s extensive healthy living programs equip youth with the knowledge and skills that will prepare them physically, emotionally and socially to meet the challenges of the 21st century."
The commitment by National 4-H is to have 100,000 4-H members complete the challenge by September 2011. The Presidential Active Lifestyle Award recognizes those who log their recommended physical activity for six consecutive weeks, five days a week (60 minutes for kids, 30 minutes for adults). Let’s Move! is lead by First Lady Michelle Obama. Together, these programs are working together with 4-H and other community organizations to combat the epidemic of childhood obesity in the United States.

All Pinellas County 4-H members are encouraged to make the right choice and take the President’s Challenge. 4-H leaders and volunteers are also invited to join. Clubs must register at the website, create an account, and then get moving. The research results are in. Let’s make the most of the fourth “H” - Health!

For more information on:

Presidential Active Lifestyle Award http://www.presidentschallenge.org/natl4-H

Let’s Move! http://www.letsmove.gov/

4-H Healthy Living http://www.4-h.org/

Keeping Your Blood Pressure Down

2011-05-17T08:46:00.000-04:00

Anna Minter, Bay Pines VA Healthcare System Dietetic Intern, Pinellas County Extension

Blood Pressure Cuff

If you go to your local pharmacy, chances are there is a large blood-pressure machine available for you to test your blood pressure while waiting for your prescriptions. One major reason for the popularity of these machines is the large number of Americans who suffer from hypertension, more commonly known as “high blood pressure.” May is National High Blood Pressure Education Month. Even if you do not have high blood pressure, it is important to be aware of the facts. You might be able to pass along some good advice to a friend or loved one suffering from this condition.

First of all, it is important to understand what high blood pressure is. When a person has high blood pressure, the pressure inside the arteries is too high. This increased pressure makes it difficult for oxygen and nutrients carried by the blood to reach all parts of the body. According to the American Heart Association, 74.5 million American adults suffer from high blood pressure, which places them at higher risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney problems. Most cases are of unknown cause and many have sudden onset. For this reason, the American Heart Association recommends checking your blood pressure at least every two years.

Blood pressure is measured in mm Hg, which is a common pressure measuring unit. When measuring your blood pressure, normal readings should be about 120/80 mm Hg or lower. The first number such as “120” is the “systolic” pressure or the pressure in your arteries when your heart is contracting. The second number such as “80” is the “diastolic” pressure or the pressure in your arteries when your heart is relaxed. If one or both of these numbers becomes too high, your doctor may diagnose you with high blood pressure.

Reducing Sodium – A Great Way to Fight Hypertension
If you have high blood pressure, there are things that you can do to help yourself stay as healthy as possible. One of these things is to limit the amount of sodium in your diet. Although sodium is a nutrient required by the body, most people consume far too much of it. Numerous scientific studies have shown that people who eat more sodium have higher blood pressure than those who consume less sodium. The majority of the sodium you consume comes from salt, so reducing the amount of salt you use is an important way to reduce your overall intake. An excellent way to start is to avoid using the salt shaker at the table, but be aware that the majority of the sodium you eat is already inside the food before you add anything to it! Many foods that you buy at the grocery or in restaurants are prepared with a large amount of sodium. In the grocery, make sure to read the nutrition label and choose the products with the lowest amount of sodium. At restaurants, ask that your food be made without salt, when possible. After a few weeks, you will not miss the saltiness, and you will notice new flavors you had been missing!

You might ask, “So how much sodium can I have?” The 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, published earlier this year, make important new recommendations for sodium. The maximum amount recommended per day is 2,300 milligrams, or about one teaspoon. For individuals with high blood pressure, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease, the maximum amount allowed is 1,500 milligrams, which is less than one teaspoon. This also is true for all African Americans, and anyone age 51 or older, as these people are at greater risk for sodium-related health complications. Keep in mind; those 1,500 mg include any salt used in cooking, as well as any salt sprinkled on prepared food. You can begin fighting your high blood pressure today by switching to salt-free seasoning blends. These will flavor your foods without adding sodium! Consult your favorite cookbook or recipe site for using herbs and spices instead of salt or visit this website for several recipes: http://herbsupplements.lifetips.com/cat/56330/homemade-seasoning-blends/index.html. Enjoy!

Join Us in Welcoming Our New Florida Sea Grant Marine Agent!!!

2011-05-11T14:49:00.000-04:00

For over 40 years, Earth Day has inspired and mobilized individuals and organizations worldwide to demonstrate their commitment to environmental protection and sustainability. As we approach this annual benchmark, I feel fortunate to have made a career of studying, interacting with, and teaching about Florida’s marine environment for the past 12 years. I am pleased to introduce myself –Libby Carnahan, the Pinellas County Sea Grant Extension agent housed at Weedon Island Preserve in north Saint Petersburg.

I began my career as a marine science educator, teaching school groups about coral reefs, mangrove ecology, and the nearshore sponge and seagrass habitats at Newfound Harbor Marine Institute (NHMI) in the Florida Keys. At NHMI, I gained experience as a science teacher, snorkel instructor, boat captain, and lifeguard and later transferred that knowledge to educate tourists about coral reef ecosystems aboard a glassbottom boat. As a graduate student, I analyzed the relationship between foraminiferal assemblages (microscopic shelled organisms) and heavy metal concentrations in Biscayne Bay, Florida.

For the past 5 years, I have been happy to work in my own backyard as a field biologist for the Florida Department of Environmental Protection’s Tampa Bay Aquatic Preserves. With 4 aquatic preserves in Hillsborough, Manatee, and Pinellas County, I became familiar with the waters of Tampa Bay and the Gulf of Mexico. I volunteer as the Education Officer and divemaster with TRUE Dive Team, a local non-profit youth organization that emphasizes good citizenship and stewardship of our environment

In my new position, I will plan, develop, and implement comprehensive marine educational programs that focus on marine industries, fisheries, and habitat issues, including coastal hazards and climate change issues that impact marine and coastal areas predominantly in Pinellas County. As a member of the Pinellas County Extension Urban Sustainability Team, I will work closely with community leaders and decision-makers on sustainable and resilient community planning and development.

Visit Weedon Island and explore state of the art exhibits during our operating hours Thursday through Saturday 9am-4pm, or come enjoy our hiking trails, boardwalks, and paddling trails during daylight hours any day of the week.

I look forward to meeting each and every one of you. Please feel free to contact me with any questions or concerns.

Libby Carnahan
M.S. Marine Science, University of South Florida, FL
B.S. Biology, Truman State University, MO

Pinellas County Sea Grant Extension Agent
1800 Weedon Drive NE
Saint Petersburg, FL 33702
lcarnahan@pinellascounty.org
(727) 453-6515
http://www.flseagrant.org/
http://pinellas.ifas.ufl.edu/index.shtml
http://www.weedonislandpreserve.org/

What will You be doing 10 years from Now?

2011-04-23T06:00:00.000-04:00

A planning process that will shape Extension programs in Florida for the next decade has begun.

This is a joint effort between the University of Florida (UF) and the Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU) that will allow us to have a clear path of action as an educational organization. Our goal is to create a strategic plan that will support Florida's economy, environment, and people. We want it to be relevant today and flexible enough to meet the needs of Florida's communities as they change.
Listening is at the core of Extension's long range planning effort. One way we can hear your ideas is by having you take a survey.

So please spend your next 10 minutes completing this survey. When you are done, take a minute more and share this blog with others who may be interested in contributing ideas about the future of Extension.

Mary Campbell
County Extension Director
UF/IFAS Pinellas County Extension

4-H Volunteers

2011-04-18T09:00:00.002-04:00

Jean Rogalsky, 4-H Youth Development Agent, Pinellas County Extension

April is National Volunteer Month. 4-H programs throughout the country recognize the importance of their volunteers. It is through our volunteers that we can maintain a high level of program quality and continue to meet the needs of our communities.

There are many types of 4-H volunteers. The 4-H club leader is the one most often thought of, but there are other 4-H volunteer opportunities. Let’s look at some of the volunteer role descriptions:

Organizational Leader
The purpose of the Organizational Leader is to provide leadership and to organize the club itself. Before anyone becomes a 4-H volunteer they must participate in an interview and background screening. This background screening is required of all volunteers working with youth.

The organizational leader is responsible for planning and carrying out the club program under the supervision of the 4-H Agent. This leader does not work alone; Organizational Leaders are encouraged to recruit adult and youth volunteers to assist with the club.

The Organizational Leader promotes the 4-H program and follows 4-H policies, keeping the club inclusive and open to all interested youth. The Leader is the communication hub and makes sure all the county, district and state information coming from the 4-H Office is relayed to the 4-H volunteers and families. Just as importantly, the Organizational Leader provides, enrollments, registrations, and reports to the 4-H Office in a timely manner. In Pinellas County, 4-H club volunteers are required to attend volunteer meetings each year and receive at least six hours of youth development annually.

In Florida, the average 4-H Organizational Leader volunteers for 20 hours a month.

Project Leaders
Project Leaders work in support of the club and county 4-H program, working with and guiding 4-H members with their project work. A Project Leader may assist a club, several clubs, or be available on a countywide basis. A Project Leader can easily control the number of volunteer hours by working with one club or offering to present one or two workshops a year. This leader works cooperatively with other volunteers, sharing his or her project area expertise to the benefit of the 4-H members. An example would be someone who has experience training and showing dogs. This person, under the guidance of the Organizational Leader, would instruct the 4-H’ers and their dogs to improve their training or showing skills. The Project Leader is the educator. The Project Leader is also expected to attend training in the area of youth development and update skills and techniques in the project area. Project Leaders use resources that are consistent with the research and educational materials from the University of Florida.

Activity Leader
The purpose of the this volunteer is to coordinate positive learning activities involving as many of the club members as possible. These activities can be project related or recreational. The Activity Leader needs to have event planning skills and know how to determine the required resources and how to acquire them. This leader needs to be able to delegate tasks to 4-H members (as an educational opportunity) and to other volunteers or parents. Most Activity Leaders assist the Organizational Leader as needed.

Office Volunteers
Office volunteers do not work as closely with youth as other volunteer types, but their work is critical. Every youth program has a lot of forms, from registration forms to permission slips and 4-H is no exception. Office volunteers make copies, organize file folders, prepare for events, and enter data. Office volunteer usually volunteer one day a week for two, three or four hours.

Event Volunteers
Every event needs volunteers and 4-H events require judges, room monitors, registrars, photographers, and tally room workers. Some of these volunteers serve for a day once or twice a year.

Advisory and Foundation Members
Advisory and Foundation members may only meet quarterly, but often they are involved in other 4-H activities. Many times these volunteers are called to be judges for 4-H events or to judge project books.

The function of the Advisory is to help guide the direction of the local 4-H program. Advisory members should have an understanding of concerns and issues related to youth in the community. The function of the Foundation is to raise funds in support of the 4-H program. The Pinellas County 4-H Foundation supports the program through funds for program materials and scholarships for 4-H members to attend out of county events.

Benefits of Being a 4-H Volunteer
4-H volunteers are recognized as being leaders and teachers of youth in the community. They are offered training in personal development, communication, and education on a county, state, and regional level. 4-H volunteers receive recognition each year for their service. Most importantly, every 4-H volunteer is given the opportunity to make a difference in a child’s life.

For more information on the Pinellas County 4-H program, please contact Jean Rogalsky at jrogalsk@pinellascounty.org.

Community Water-Wise Awards

2011-04-14T14:22:00.002-04:00

It may be hard to believe, but you can save water and still maintain a beautiful landscape. By incorporating some Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ strategies, you can save significant money on your water bill and make your property the envy of everyone, even during the dry season! By using less fertilizer and pesticides and minimizing stormwater runoff, you'll also do your part to help protect the environment.
Tampa Bay Water, its Member Governments and the UF IFAS Florida Yards and Neighborhoods Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ program are sponsoring the 13th Annual Community Water-Wise Awards.

Water-wise yards using Florida-friendly landscaping™ do more than just save water. Following are the top five reasons you should incorporate a Florida-friendly landscape:

1. You'll save money!
The reduced need for irrigation can save a homeowner up to $80 each month. That’s nearly $1,000 a year.

2. You'll save time!
Florida-friendly landscapes are better adapted to our climate and conditions, so they require less maintenance.

3. You’ll save your yard!
A water-wise landscape uses Florida-friendly plants and landscaping techniques to minimize irrigation needs, even during dry season.

4. You'll do your part to save the environment!
Not only do these landscapes help conserve our water supply, but they also reduce the need for harmful chemicals, minimize storm-water runoff, provide natural wildlife habitat and reduce invasive species.

5. You'll make your neighbors green with envy!
A water-wise yard using Florida-friendly landscaping™ looks great, adds curb appeal and increases the overall value of your home!

The Community Water-Wise Awards are categorized to recognize individuals and businesses that create water-efficient, aesthetically pleasing landscapes. Awards will be presented during City and County Commission meetings held by Tampa Bay Water’s Member Governments- Hillsborough, Pasco and Pinellas counties and the cities of New Port Richey, St. Petersburg and Tampa.

If you are interested in learning more about the awards program or would like to submit an entry please visit http://www.tampabaywaterwise.org/ . Deadline for entries is June 30, 2011.

Lawn & Garden Solutions

2011-03-14T09:00:00.002-04:00

Do you have a garden question or pest to identify? Are you having trouble with your turf or tomatoes? Pinellas County Extension has solutions for you at two locations in the county. You can bring your fresh samples and questions to our Largo office Monday- Friday between 8am and 5pm, excluding holidays. From January through mid.-November there is plant clinic every Wednesday from 10am-2pm at the Palm Harbor Library. We also have a Lawn and Garden hotline you can call on Monday, Tuesday, or Thursday from 9am-12pm and 1pm-4pm. Horticulturists and Master Gardeners are standing by to give you research-based information from the University of Florida on Florida-Friendly gardening and landscaping.

In order to get the most out of your experience, here are some tips to follow when bringing us a sample:

1. STUDY your plant at your home before you come. What conditions is it growing in – full sun or deep shade? Dry or wet soil? How long has the problem persisted? How old is the plant? When does it bloom? Are other plants around it having the same problem? Look closely at the underside of leaves and note clues.

2. Has there been a CHANGE in conditions lately? A shade tree has vanished, you spread fertilizer, or has someone dug around the roots lately?

3. What STEPS have you already taken to fix the problem on your own?

4. A vital first step in diagnosing your plant is identification, so take BIG samples. We don’t need a whole tree, but one tiny leaf is hard to identify, much less diagnose what is wrong with it. How the leaves attach to the plant, color, and other factors help your plant “doctors” identify the plant. A sharp digital photo (or two or three or ten) of the whole plant and its problem area is helpful too.

5. Bring FRESH samples. Take cuttings from your troubled plant right before you leave the yard. Treat that cutting like a cut flower, keeping the cut end in tepid water.

6. If GRASS is the problem, bring in at least a 10 by 10 inch sample in a box or container, taken from the area where some of the grass is still green and some grass has turned brown.

7. SEPARATE your samples using separate containers for each plant. Pests and disease symptoms can shake loose and spread during transport.

8. If the problem revolves around INSECTS, bring in a live sample if possible. If the insect is dead, carefully place the insect in a plastic bag to bring it in. Smashed insects are hard to identify.

We are here to provide solutions for your life! For information please visit our website at http://www.pinellascountyextension.org/ or come in and see us at:

Pinellas County Extension Office
12520 Ulmerton Rd., Largo 33774
Hours: Mon.-Fri. 8am-5pm, excluding holidays

or...

Master Gardener Plant Clinic at the Palm Harbor Library
2330 Nebraska Ave, Palm Harbor FL 34683
Hours: Wednesdays, 10am to 2pm, Jan. through mid-Nov.

or you can call the...

Horticulture Hotline
582-2100, option 1
Mon., Tues., & Thurs. 9am-12pm and 1pm-4-pm

Thank you to Master Gardener Sandy Huff for contributing to this article.

Fix a Leak Week

2011-03-07T11:52:00.003-05:00

Dale Armstrong, Coordinator Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ Program, Pinellas County Extension

March 14 - 20 is Fix a Leak Week sponsored by the EPA WaterSense® Program. Fix a Leak Week serves as a reminder to everyone to perform a leak test.

You should periodically check indoors and outdoors for obvious water leaks, even if you do not suspect you have a leak. You may be motivated to take action due to obvious or suspected water leaks because you observe a dripping faucet or broken irrigation sprinkler head, or perhaps because of a higher than normal water bill. And it is important to test for leaks now and then to determine whether you might have a less obvious or hidden water leak. Once you understand the process it’s really not too complicated to perform yourself, and it could save significant amounts of water as well as money.

Performing a Water Leak Test
Step 1: Indoors – turn off all appliances that use water (including ice maker), and make sure no sinks, showers, toilets, etc. will be used while performing this test. Outdoors – make sure all spigots are off; if you have a sprinkler system for landscape irrigation, locate the check valve assembly and shut off the valve. Also, turn off the irrigation controller time clock during the test.

Step 2: Locate your meter box, which is usually several feet in from the edge of the road. Remove the cover from the meter box and observe the water meter. The meter should have a triangular red disk that is sometimes called a leak indicator because with everything you turned off, the indicator should not move.

a. If the indicator is moving (or lacking an indicator, you observe the meter dial moving) you have a leak indicated, most likely indoors. Go on to step 3.

b. If no movement in the indicator or meter dial is observed, wait 10 minutes or so and then check again. If either has moved, you have a slow leak, most likely indoors. Go to step 3.

c. If you observe no change in the meter then you do not have an indoor leak. Now go to the sprinkler system check valve that you previously turned off and turn it on. Again observe the water meter for movement. If the meter dial or indicator moves that means you have a leak either between the sprinkler check valve and the sprinkler zone solenoids or one or more solenoid valves are not shutting off completely when turned off by the time clock controller. NOTE: A weeping sprinkler head or a constantly wet area around a sprinkler head may indicate a leaking solenoid valve for that zone. You may need to contact an irrigation system specialist to sort this out.

Step 3: If an indoor leak is indicated you will need to explore everything inside the house that uses water. Information on how to conduct the search, including toilet leaks, may be found in the resources listed below.

Step 4: There is also the possibility of a leak between the meter box valve and the house. You can test this by finding the main water valve into the house (located near the house) and turning that off. If the meter still moves with the house supply valve and irrigation valve off, then you probably have a leak between the meter box and the house.

Step 5: If the specific source of the leak is not readily determined following these steps, then it is probably time to contact a license plumber.

Resources:
http://www.epa.gov/WaterSense/water_efficiency/fix_a_leak.html
http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/AE/AE45100.pdf

March into Class!

2011-03-03T06:00:00.000-05:00

Pinellas County Extension offers residents a wide variety of classes to help them make sustainable decisions. Be sure to check out our classes at Brooker Creek Preserve, Weedon Island Preserve, and online.

Brooker Creek:
March 5, 2011 - Guided Hike
March 5, 2011 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
March 10, 2011 - Book-Time at Brooker
March 12, 2011 - Guided Hike
March 12, 2011 - Rain Harvesting
March 12, 2011 - Discovering Nature with Your Child
March 19, 2011 - Guided Hike
March 24, 2011 - Book-Time at Brooker
March 26, 2011 - Extended Guided Hike- Winter Wonders
March 26, 2011 - Butterfly Gardening 101

Commercial (Pesticide/FNGLA/ISA) CEUs:
March 7, 2011, 9:00 am - Spanish Lawn/Landscape Maintenance BMPs
March 7, 2011, 2:00 pm - Spanish Lawn/Landscape Maintenance BMPs
March 14, 2011, 9:00 pm - Lawn/Landscape Maintenance BMPs
March 14, 2011, 2:00 pm - Lawn/Landscape Maintenance BMPs
March 17, 2011 - CEU Variety Pack. Take one or take them all!
March 23, 2011 - Roundup License Training – LCLM & LLO Review

Extension Programs:
March 2, 2011 - Restoring Nature”s Balance
March 6, 2011 - Bird & Wildlife Walk
March 10, 2011, 2:00 pm - Repotting Orchids
March 10, 2011, 6:15 pm - Repotting Orchids
March 15, 2011 - Your Carbon Footprint
March 15, 2011 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
March 22, 2011 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
March 22, 2011 - Landscaping for Upland Wildlife Walk
March 23, 2011 - Water Conservation

Solutions in 30:
March 2, 2011 - Low-Cost, No-Cost Ways to Lower Your Power Bill
March 9, 2011 - Green Office Practices
March 16, 2011 - Everyday Money Lessons to Teach Your Children
March 30, 2011 - Green Spaces

Weedon Island:
March 5, 2011 - Guided Hike
March 10, 2011 - Wee-Time at Weedon: Night Fliers
March 11, 2011 - Great Weedon Bird Quest
March 12, 2011 - Guided Hike
March 12, 2011 - People”s Use of Plants Through Time
March 12, 2011 - Celebrate Florida Archaeology 2001
March 12, 2011 - Life & Lunch in a 9th Century Indian Village
March 17, 2011 - Sustainable Floridians Open Orientation
March 17, 2011 - Plant Usage By Prehistoric Floridians
March 19, 2011 - Photography Hike
March 19, 2011 - Guided Hike
March 19, 2011 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
March 24, 2011 - Wee-Time at Weedon: Ten Little Rabbits
March 26, 2011 - Guided Hike

You can register for classes online at www.pinellascountyextension.org

American Heart Month: Be Smart with your Heart!

2011-02-28T09:00:00.001-05:00

By: Farrah Stewart, Bay Pines Dietetic Intern, Pinellas County Extension

Cardiovascular diseases, including heart attack and stroke, are our nation's #1 killer. Since 1963, in order to urge Americans to join the battle against these diseases, Congress has required the president to proclaim February "American Heart Month."

Why is it important to choose a heart-healthy diet?
Making good food choices can have a big impact on your health and your pocketbook. The cost of treating heart disease and stroke in the United States is expected to triple in the next 20 years, to $818 billion.

Eating a heart-healthy diet can help you to:

Lower your blood pressure.
Lower your cholesterol.
Reach and stay at a healthy weight.
Control or prevent diabetes.
Improve your overall health.

A heart-healthy diet is not just for people with existing health problems. It is good for all healthy adults and children older than age 2. Learning heart-healthy eating habits now can help prevent heart disease in years to come.

In the News
Omega-3 fatty acids have been gaining a positive reputation lately in regards to heart health and cardiovascular disease prevention; and it’s about time! Since the 1970s, numerous studies have shown that Omega-3 fats may be the heart's best friend. They reduce the risk of heart attack, sudden cardiac death, hardening of the arteries (Atherosclerosis), and stroke. Furthermore, Omega-3s improve cholesterol and triglyceride levels, reduce high blood pressure, make arteries more elastic, reduce plaque formation, and make the heart muscle stronger.

What are Omega-3s?
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential fats that your body needs to function properly. There are animal-based and plant-based Omega-3s. The animal-based Omega-3s EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) can be found in seafood, such as salmon, tuna, sardines, mackerel or shellfish. The plant-based Omega-3 ALA (alpha-linolenic acid) is acquired from sources such as walnuts, flaxseed, and canola and soybean oils.

Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA, have been shown to benefit the heart of healthy people and those at high risk for, or who already have cardiovascular disease.

Recommended Intake
The American Heart Association recommends that people without documented coronary heart disease (CHD) eat a variety of fish, preferably oily fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel, herring and trout), at least twice a week. Those with documented CHD are advised to consume about one gram of EPA and DHA per day. Consuming fish oil supplements should only be considered by people with heart disease or high levels of triglycerides who consult with their physicians.

Examples
Below is a reference table comparing a few common food sources and the amount of Omega-3s they contain.

Food Source	Serving Size	Amount of Omega-3s
Flaxseeds	2 tbs	3.5 g
Walnuts	¼ cup	2 g
Salmon	3 oz	1.5 g
Sardines	3.25 oz	1.4 g
Halibut	3 oz	0.36 g

For more information on heart health, please visit AmericanHeartAssociation.com.

Buy Green Products and Save

2011-02-21T09:00:00.001-05:00

Mary Campbell, Extension Director and Urban Sustainability Agent, Pinellas County Extension

There are many reasons why more and people are buying green products. Recent studies show that even during the recent recession, more people are still interested in green products. Sales of green products, such as organic foods and natural personal care items, have jumped 15 % since 2006, according to research firm Mintel International. Green products have less of an impact on the environment than comparable non-green products. This may mean that the product can be recycled or is made of recycled products, and it may save natural resources, energy and water. It may also have less packaging to save paper or plastic or be a locally produced and sourced product. Local products are considered greener since they do not have to be transported long distances. Green products can also have less of an impact on people since they contain less toxic components or are non-polluting. A less toxic environment supports healthier communities.

Partner environmentally friendly products with cost savings and that is a win-win we all love. Compact fluorescent light bulbs use 75% less energy and last 10 times longer than standard incandescent bulbs. If every American home replaced just one light bulb with an ENERGY STAR qualified bulb, we would save enough energy to light more than 3 million homes for a year, more than $600 million in annual energy costs, and prevent greenhouse gases equivalent to the emissions of more than 800,000 cars. That sounds pretty green, but what does Energy Star mean?

According to the Energy Star website, ENERGY STAR is a joint program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy helping us all save money and protect the environment through energy efficient products and practices. Americans, with the help of ENERGY STAR, saved enough energy in 2009 alone to avoid greenhouse gas emissions equivalent to those from 30 million cars, while saving nearly $17 billion on utility bills.

Energy Star is a third party certifier that uses standard criteria to qualify a product as energy efficient. There are third party certifiers for many different products. There is no one certifier for all green products. The best way to know if the product you are considering to purchase is really green, look for a third party certifier. Here is a list of some of the more common certifiers from Business.Gov

•Green Seal sets product standards and awards its label to a wide variety of products

• Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Electricity: Certified by Scientific Certification Systems

• Buildings: The U.S. Green Building Council LEED Green Building Rating System

• Chlorine-Free Products: Certified by the Chlorine Free Products Association

• Energy Efficient Products: Certified by the U.S. Government's ENERGY STAR Program

• Organic Produce: Certified by the USDA National Organic Program

• Renewable Energy: Certified by the Green-e Certification Program

• Wood Products: Criteria set by Forest Stewardship Council

If the product you are considering is not certified, check the label yourself and look for these things:

Non-toxic (no Caution, Warning or Danger on the label)
Can be recycled or has recycled content (example: 30% post consumer content recycled paper)
Saves energy or water
Durable and reusable
Made from natural or renewable materials
Produced locally
Healthier for people

Be wise about how you spend your money and look for the win-win combinations of “saves money”, saves planet, and protects people.

Leading through the Essential Elements of 4-H

2011-02-15T09:54:00.000-05:00

Jean Rogalsky, 4-H Youth Development Agent

The role of volunteers in the 4-H program is well known. How else could the program have survived a century across the United States if not for the multitude of dedicated volunteers? What is lesser known is the amount of research and science involved in training our corps of 4-H volunteers. In addition to the workshops and certifications in project areas available to 4-H volunteers are sessions devoted to how to best run a 4-H program to meet the needs of youth. These sessions are called the Essential Elements of 4-H Youth Development Programs: Key Ingredients for Program Success.

This training program got its start in 1999 when a team of evaluators at National 4-H Headquarters was tasked with defining the critical elements of the 4-H experience. While the team identified eight elements, former Director of Youth Development at National

4-H, Cathann Kress organized and condensed them into four concepts:

Belonging
Mastery
Independence
Generosity

Simply put, utilizing these four concepts will create the environment to produce positive results for youth in any 4-H or youth program, whether it is a community club, afterschool program or competitive event. A training curriculum has been developed to teach 4-H leaders and adults bring the Essential Elements to their 4-H club or program.

Let us take a closer look at the four concepts and the elements they contain. While there are references to the 4-H program, any youth organization can employ these concepts and elements within their existing program.

Belonging: A 4-H club should provide a sense of belonging. This sense of belonging is created by a caring adult, and an inclusive environment. This is an environment where all are welcome and feel safe to learn, grow, and make mistakes. The caring adult will nurture an environment where members feel safe physically and emotionally.

Mastery: 4-H members have the opportunity for mastery, especially in areas of their own selection. This usually refers to the 4-H project and the mastery is developed over time. An interested learner is an engaged learner and is motivated to expand and create new learning experiences. Through 4-H, youth can reflex on their mistakes and learn from their experiences.

Independence: 4-H members have the opportunity to see themselves as active participants in the future. By learning to set goals, youth realize they can shape their future by making the choices to reach those goals. While all the elements are important, the opportunity for self-determination is crucial. Youth need to understand they can have an impact on events that shape their future. Once youth realize they can influence their own lives, they can grow into self-directing adults.

Generosity: In 4-H, generosity refers to community service or service to others. Performing voluntary community service is often a way that a youth connects to the community and feels a sense of responsibility or ownership to the area. Service projects, which are part of nearly every 4-H program, open doors to the larger community.

The Essential Elements training took place last week at the Youth Development Institute in Gainesville. This conference was developed and hosted by Florida 4-H and was open not only to 4-H faculty, staff, and volunteers, but other youth development programs as well.

For more information on national 4-H research:

http://www.national4-hheadquarters.gov/about/4h_elements.htm

Kress, C. (2004) Essential Elements of 4-H youth Development,
http://www.national4-hheadquarters.gov/library/Essential_Element-Satellite.ppt

Our Apologies!

2011-01-21T11:00:00.002-05:00

Due to a technical glitch some of our subscribers received a re-post from last August. We are sorry this happened and we are tracking down why this occurred.

Thank you to all of our readers that notified us about the issue.

Valuing Civic Engagement

2011-01-19T09:00:00.000-05:00

Ramona Madhosingh-Hector, Regional Specialized Agent, Urban Environmental Sustainability, Pinellas County Extension

When the New Year began, many of us resolved to do something new or different or resolved to ignore resolutions and just take it one day at a time. Whichever path you chose, civic engagement can help you maintain that commitment. Simply defined, civic engagement is the opportunity for individuals or groups to address issues of public concern in the communities where they live.

Civic engagement plays an important role in achieving the vision of sustainability and allows individuals and groups to serve the communities where they live and to become connected with the people who live in that community. Opportunities for civic engagement vary in magnitude and scale and include simple volunteer efforts in your neighborhood, working with nonprofit groups, or working at a community, regional or international scale through well established entities. Building sustainable communities relies on citizen participation and recognizes the value of social interactions to build and strengthen our communities.

So how you can get involved and what are the benefits of civic engagement? Getting involved is easy – join the neighborhood association or the PTO at your child’s school, get involved with your church, volunteer in your community or county, or donate your time to a local nonprofit group. These groups will allow you to connect with other individuals who also want to serve and contribute to community development. Maybe you have an ill neighbor that you can support or a special skill that can be used by a volunteer group. Even if you think you don’t have special skills, many groups provide training that allow you to become involved or they may assign you a job that does not require a specialized skill set. Either way, you’re still able to contribute to your community.

What are the benefits? Civic involvement allows you to identify areas of need in your community and it gives you an opportunity to voice your concerns about actions and decisions that affect your community. An informed and involved citizen can work to make a difference in their community in areas of safety (sidewalks, speed bumps, neighborhood watch), service (street clean-up projects, helping aging neighbors with yard or house maintenance projects) and going green (carpooling, recycling, repurposing). All of these opportunities can lead to greater neighborhood character and stability which will create strong, sustainable communities. Best of all, the biggest benefit you’ll receive is that you had the experience of a lifetime working with individuals of diverse backgrounds and receiving the “thanks” of individuals who couldn’t have done it without your help!

Through the University of Florida’s Extension Service, there are many opportunities for you to become involved either through training or volunteering. The Extension Service offers Master Gardener, Master Money Mentor and Sustainable Floridian training as well as 4H family and youth opportunities.

In 2011, get out there, make a difference, and reap the benefits of a stronger, more connected community!

Resources:
http://solutionsforyourlife.ufl.edu/sustainable_living/involved_citizens.html

http://www.serve.gov/

http://www.pinellascounty.org/volserv/default.htm

http://www.sustainable.org/creating-community/civic-engagement

http://www.everyday-democracy.org/en/Index.aspx

http://www.sustainable.org/creating-community

The Latest on the “Diet Plans”

2011-01-17T09:09:00.007-05:00

By Meredith Harper, Dietetic Intern Bay Pines VA Healthcare System, Pinellas County Extension

With so many different diets promising quick and easy weight loss, it can be difficult to separate the myths from the facts. Here’s a look at some of the latest diets and the “raw” truth about them.

Eat Like Our Ancestors
The Paleo Diet also called the Caveman Diet, claims that it will help you lose weight and have increased athletic ability. Based on the premise of eating like our hunter-gatherer ancestors, this diet excludes foods that became commonplace after the rise of agriculture such as grains, legumes, and dairy products. Periodic fasts are advocated, as cavemen often endured hunger while searching for foods. This diet is high protein, high fat, and low carbohydrate, recommending that most of one’s diet come from animal foods. If you follow this diet, you’ll likely end up with higher cholesterol levels (putting you at risk for heart disease), less energy (due to low carbohydrate intake), and possibly food-borne illness if you’re among the folk that eats barely cooked meat (apparently cavemen did not have fire).

The Latest Diet Rage
The Gluten-Free Diet was originally developed for sufferers of Celiac Disease, which is intolerance to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barely, and rye. Recently it’s taken off as a measure to achieve weight loss as well. Gluten-free products are now common in groceries and restaurants. Unfortunately, these specialty foods will put a dent in your diet. You’re also likely to miss out on important B vitamins and dietary fiber found in whole grain products. Plus, there is no guarantee of weight loss: you can easily fill up on gluten-free cookies and brownies. Unless you have Celiac Disease, your best bet is to stick to a well-balanced diet that includes wheat, barley, and rye.

Twinkies for Weight Loss?
The Twinkie Diet has been made popular by a nutrition professor who proved that you can lose weight while eating a diet of junk food. Of course, there is a catch: he restricted his intake to 1800 calories a day. While calories are important in weight loss, the quality of the calories must be considered: eating a diet of Twinkies is going to provide you with a lot of sugar and fat, and not any of the benefits of healthier diets.

O Positive or AB Negative?
The Blood Type Diet suggests that your blood type controls what diet works best for your body. When it comes down to it, there is no clinical evidence that people with type O blood need higher protein while those with type A should be vegetarians. Contrary to claims, this diet will not help you lose weight or improve your body’s function.

It’s All About Lifestyle
When choosing your foods, it’s best to go with the tried and true rather than the latest fads. Choose meals that offer a healthy mix of whole grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, low-fat dairy and lean protein such as baked chicken and fish. Practice portion control and add a little physical activity, and you’ve got yourself a plan that will help you look and feel great.

For more information, check out these RD-conducted reviews of popular diets.

4-H Gardening Growing Strong

2011-01-12T09:00:00.000-05:00

Jean Rogalsky, 4-H Agent, Pinellas County Extenison

Nationally, Americans are once again discovering the joys of home vegetable gardening. Whether it is the downturn of the economy, Michelle Obama’s White House garden, or the emphasis today of buying local produce, vegetable gardens are popping up in yards, schools, and community gardens.

According to a 2009 survey of the National Gardening Association (NGA), seven million more households are participating in home vegetable gardening than last. This is an increase of 19% over 2008 and means that 37% of all United States households are doing some part of their own food production. The reasons given ranged from quality and taste to cost and food safety.

The new gardeners are a cross section of United States demographics. The National Gardening Association report concludes that “There are few other outdoor activities where virtually every demographic group is so well represented, no matter what their age, education, income, marital status, household size, gender, or regional location.”

While the focus of the NGA survey was on adults, 4-H and youth gardening is also on the rise. In Pinellas County, youth have the option of using their home vegetable garden as their 4-H project. Since this is an urban county, and many families don’t have room in their yards for a vegetable garden, many youth choose to join the Ochs Garden 4-H Club. The Ochs 4-H Garden Club is a solid model for urban 4-H programming. Instead of backyard gardens, youth come to the Ochs 4-H Educational Center (located at 14644 113th Avenue N., Largo) to tend to their own 10 X 12 foot garden plot. This gardening program was started 20 years ago and has never been as popular as it is now. There are currently 60 children enrolled in the club. Each child works in a garden plot and each has the opportunity to select a related 4-H project book to accompany their work. Using University of Florida recommendations, this 4-H Agent, Master Gardeners, and 4-H volunteers instruct the children in how best to manage their garden plot. In this program, the children learn more than sound gardening practices; they learn to eat new vegetables. Along with the usual beans, peas, and tomatoes, there are community plots with Swiss chard, kohlrabi, New Zealand spinach, and kale. Often, families learn together to try and like something new.

Pinellas elementary schools are using gardens as teaching tools for hands on science class. High Point Elementary and Fuguitt Elementary schools have maintained vegetable gardens for the past two years, maintained by interested parent volunteers and teachers. Classrooms take turns planting, weeding, and watering.

Afterschool programs are also incorporating vegetable gardening into their programs. The Greater Ridgecrest Area Youth Development Initiative (GRAYDI) has started a new 4-H afterschool club focusing on gardening. There are twenty youth in the club gardening in five raised beds. The group has already learned how to plant seeds and transplants, understand plant families, and which bugs are beneficial, and which are harmful to gardens. As the youth work in the garden, they learn what the vegetable plant looks like and which part of the plant we eat.

While working with youth gardeners, it becomes evident that the benefits of gardening go beyond the resulting fresh produce or exercise time outside. Children working together in a garden learn organization skills, sharing, record keeping, persistence, patience, and the importance of planning. It is no wonder that interest in gardening continues to grow.

National Gardening Association:

http://www.gardening-resources.com/the-number-of-vegetable-gardeners-is-on-the-rise/

Florida vegetable garden guidelines:

http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/vh/vh02100.pdf

Extension in 2011

2011-01-10T09:00:00.003-05:00

Mary Campbell, Extension Director and Urban Sustainability Agent, Pinellas County Extension

As we enter 2011, the mission of the University of Florida Pinellas County Extension is even more critical to local residents. All universities engage in research and teaching, but the nation's more than 100 land-grant colleges and universities, have a third critical mission—extension. "Extension" means "reaching out," and—along with teaching and research—land-grant institutions "extend" their resources, solving public needs with university resources through non-formal, non-credit programs.

Congress created the extension system nearly a century ago (1914) to address agricultural issues. At that time, more than 50 percent of the U.S. population lived in rural areas, and 30 percent of the workforce was engaged in farming. Through Extension Agents working closely with farmers to provide better methods, the American agricultural revolution dramatically increased farm productivity. Extension changed the face of American farming and supported not only farm operations but family life through home economics and 4-H youth programs. The entire family was served by the expertise of Agents on subjects as diverse as crop rotation, food safety, youth development and money management.

Today, Pinellas County Extension still keeps residents informed on critical topics of interest. Local issues are more centered on resource conservation, environmentally friendly practices, sustainable development and challenges such as youth obesity. Extension provides continuing education that assists professionals to stay up to date with current information. Residents can find non-biased, scientific resources on topics like money management, energy conservation, composting and nutrition.

In the age of technology, Extension provides many on line resources and programs to make it easier to access information 24/7. The national extension system supports the eXtension Web site. One of the goals of eXtension is to develop a coordinated, Internet-based information system where customers will have round-the-clock access to trustworthy, balanced views of specialized information and education on a wide range of topics. The University of Florida database, EDIS –Electronic Data Information Source is also available. Each year, visitors to the EDIS Web site access one of over 7,000 publication titles more than 24 million times.

For local access, Pinellas County Extension provides a Frequently Asked Questions database at AskExtension.org that is searchable and allows for residents to post new questions which are answered by the experts at Extension. The methods may have changed, but the information is still the most up to date science available from the University of Florida. Explore the on-line sites or register on line for a class this year to update your knowledge on a variety of topics. Extension is available to help our community learn sustainable practices and improve the quality of lives. Share our information with a friend who may not know about Extension. Join us on Facebook and Twitter in 2011!

Resolve to be More Knowledgeable in 2011!

2010-12-28T12:00:00.005-05:00

Attend Pinellas County Extension’s January Classes

Pinellas County Extension offers residents a wide variety of classes to help them make sustainable decisions. Be sure to check out our lunch break online classes in January, “Solutions in 30.”

Solutions in 30:
January 5, 2011 - Green Living Resolutions for 2011
January 12, 2011 - Solar Power in the Sunshine State
January 19, 2011 - Become a V.I.P. at Brooker Creek
January 26, 2011 - Low-Cost, No-Cost Ways to Lower Your Power Bill

Commercial (Pesticide/FNGLA/ISA) CEUs:
January 5, 2011 - Best Management Practices
January 6, 2011 - Roundup License Training – LCLM & LLO Review
January 25, 2011 - Landscape Pests and Solutions(IPMU)
January 28, 2011 - Root to Shoots Tree Program

Extension Programs:
January 2, 2011 - Bird & Wildlife Walk
January 5, 2011 - Morning Nature Hike
January 11, 2011 - Focus on Finances
January 13, 2011 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
January 13, 2011, 2:00 pm - Flowering Shrubs
January 13, 2011, 6:15 pm - Flowering Shrubs
January 25, 2011 - Restoring Nature’s Balance
January 25, 2011 - Calculating Your Ecological Footprint

You can register for classes online at www.pinellascountyextension.org

The verdict on Vitamin D: Am I getting enough?

2010-12-20T09:00:00.000-05:00

By Spencer Webb, CSCS, Dietetic Intern, Bay Pines VA Health Care System, Pinellas County Extension

With a nickname like “the sunshine vitamin” you would think most of us living in the sunshine state would have no problem getting enough vitamin D. Since 2000, the public has received conflicting information about the amount of vitamin D we should be getting to stay healthy. To help clarify this issue, the United States and Canadian governments asked the Institutes of Medicine (IOM) to examine the current information on health outcomes associated with vitamin D and calcium, as well as updating the recommendations for our daily intake.

Where do we get vitamin D?
We get vitamin D from the sun, food and supplements. The food sources of vitamin D are somewhat limited since it is only found naturally in mushrooms, egg yolks, and in some types of fish, like salmon and sardines. Beginning in the 1930’s, milk sold to consumers was fortified to combat a bone deformity called rickets. This disease resulted in a “bow-legged” appearance in individuals who consumed low amounts of vitamin D when they were children. Other foods like orange juice, breads and cereals have been added to the list of fortified foods.

The good news about vitamin D, and what makes it unique, is that we can make it in our bodies. When exposed to sun, the skin makes a compound that is converted to vitamin D in the liver and kidneys. We need 10–15 minutes of direct sun on our face and arms, without sunscreen, two to three times a week to make enough vitamin D.

Another source of vitamin D is supplements. Supplement companies have been cashing in on the controversy. According to the Nutrition Business Journal, sales for vitamin D supplements rose 83% in 2009, generating over $240 million.

Why do we need Vitamin D?
Vitamin D plays an important role with calcium and phosphorus in maintaining the health of teeth and bones. It also keeps the immune system functioning. Vitamin D has been studied for its possible connections to several diseases and medical problems, including diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis. Based on the conflicting and mixed results of the studies, there is currently no evidence to confirm that vitamin D has any impact on these conditions.

How much do we need?
New intake recommendations (Recommended Dietary Allowances - RDA) for vitamin D have been recently released. Below is a table with those new recommendations.

Life Stage	Vitamin D (IU/day)
Children and Teens	600
Adults, up to age 70	600
Adults, ages 71+	800
Pregnant	600
Breastfeeding	600
IU = International Units

It is possible to get too much?
The IOM recently stated that while many Americans don’t get enough vitamin D from the foods they eat, most still have enough in their body, since they can make it from exposure to the sun. This means that the average American probably doesn't need to be taking large amounts of supplements as they have been shown to be toxic in large doses. The upper limit is 4000 IU and less for children younger that 9. Certain people like the elderly, dark-skinned individuals and people with liver and kidney disease may not get enough form the sun so they may benefit from fortified foods or a supplement.

To learn more about this vital nutrient, visit these websites:

National Institute of Health's Office of Dietary Supplements

The Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS)

http://www.iom.edu/Reports/2010/Dietary-Reference-Intakes-for-Calcium-and-Vitamin-D.aspx

District asks homeowners to "Skip a Week" of irrigation this winter

2010-12-07T09:00:00.001-05:00

Overwatering in winter can encourage pests and disease

The Southwest Florida Water Management District is encouraging residents who irrigate their lawns to "Skip a Week" of watering during the cooler months of December, January and February.

According to research by the University of Florida, grass doesn’t need to be watered as often during the cooler months. One-half to three-quarters of an inch of water every 10–14 days is sufficient. In fact, if your lawn has received any significant rainfall, then you can turn off your irrigation system and operate it manually as needed.

“Overwatering in the winter can encourage pests and disease in your lawn," said Sylvia Durell, Florida-Friendly Landscaping project manager. Skipping a week of watering is as easy as “off” for residents with irrigation timers. “Turn the timer to ‘off’ for the week that you want to skip, and ‘on’ for the week that you want to water,” said Durell.

Homeowners can determine when their grass needs water when:

• Grass blades are folded in half lengthwise on 30 percent of the lawn.
• Grass blades are blue-gray.
• Footprints remain on the lawn for several minutes after walking on it.

Skipping a week of irrigation will help conserve drinking water supplies that the public needs for critical uses during the dry season. In fact, if everyone skipped one week of irrigation this season, it could save an estimated 1.7 billion gallons of water.

In addition to entering the dry season, the region has experienced an extremely dry fall, with dry conditions expected to continue through next spring. All 16 counties within the District are under a Phase I water shortage alert.

For additional information about water restrictions and water conservation, contact your local utility or visit the District’s web site at www.WaterMatters.org/skipaweek/.

Christmas Trees and Poinsettias

2010-12-01T08:42:00.001-05:00

Andy Wilson, Extension Specialist, Pinellas County Extension

Living Christmas Trees- Southern red cedar (Juniperus virginana) and sand pine (Pinus clausa) are two Florida natives that are grown commercially for both cut and potted Christmas trees. Both southern red cedar and sand pine can be planted in the landscape after use and both are drought tolerant once established. The southern red cedar also has good salt tolerance. Want the experience of selecting your own tree to cut on a Christmas tree farm? Check out this listing of Florida Christmas tree farms from the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services: http://www.florida-agriculture.com/consumers/christmas_trees.htm

Care of Cut Christmas Trees- The single most important thing to do to keep cut Christmas trees fresh is to keep the base of the trunk immersed in water at all times once it is brought into the home. Most research has failed to show any real benefit from additives to the water like corn syrup, bleach, etc. Depending on the size of the water reservoir in the tree stand it will probably be necessary to check the water level at least once a day. The tree’s ability to absorb water is usually improved by making a fresh cut at the bottom of the trunk before placing the tree in the stand.

Care of Potted Poinsettias- If you receive a poinsettia as a gift or buy one as part of your holiday decorating, follow these tips to keep it in good condition throughout the holidays. If the pot is covered with a decorative foil or plastic wrap, punch some holes in the bottom to allow water to drain out. Water thoroughly when the soil is dry to the touch. A few minutes after watering the plant, pour out any water that has accumulated in the saucer under the pot. Poinsettias can be quickly damaged by waterlogged soil. Locate the plant in an area with bright, indirect light or some filtered sunlight. Dark locations will promote leaf drop. To keep the plants in the best condition, avoid exposing them to temperatures below 65 degrees F. More information on the care and use of poinsettias can be found in the fact sheet “Poinsettias at a Glance” available from our office or here: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/EP349

Gifts for the Gardener-The University of Florida Bookstore has a great variety of books, flashcards, posters and other helpful references for the gardener on your gift list. Check out the selections here: http://ifasbooks.ifas.ufl.edu/

Among the selections is Growing Orchids: Easier Than You Think!, a DVD with lots of information on selecting and growing orchids: http://www.ifasbooks.ufl.edu/p-60-growing-orchids-easier-than-you-think.aspx

A Federal Block Grant for Energy Efficiency in Pinellas County

2010-11-29T09:00:00.003-05:00

James Stevenson, Extension Specialist, Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project, Pinellas County Extension

In 2009 Pinellas County Government received a block grant from the US Department of Energy. A block grant is a “gift” of money that follows an allocation formula, and is made available to local governments based on the population of the area. This grant, the Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant or EECBG has been distributed nationally, with the largest amount of funding going directly to US cities and counties.

Pinellas County received about $3.5 million in 2009. Other municipalities in the county received their own funds, including Clearwater ($1 million), Dunedin ($150,000), Largo ($700,000), Pinellas Park ($200,000), and St. Petersburg ($2.5 million).

This money was given to local governments to get major energy-saving projects off the ground. But the clock is ticking, and the money must be spent on these projects before the end of 2012. Pinellas County Government departments have seven projects in the works thanks to these funds. These projects include:

• A comprehensive energy audit for government buildings and practices,

• More efficient air-cooling systems for government buildings,

• Solar-powered flashing lights at county schools,

• Synchronization of traffic signals to reduce idling time on the roads

• Modification of the County’s Land Development Code to include energy efficiency measures

• Energy conservation retrofits for single-family homes, some of which were purchased through the Neighborhood Stabilization Program funds

• A community energy program delivered to citizens via Pinellas County Extension outreach; the Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project.

Our project includes several facets; all of which work together to provide the latest research-based information on energy efficiency to the public. Earlier this year the grant funds were received by the County and worked into this year’s budget. Then we “went-out-to-bid” for a supplier who could provide us with energy-saving products that we would then give to the public. By September we were ready to have our first official Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project class here at Extension. As of this writing, we have had 14 classes with an additional 30 classes scheduled before the end of June, 2011.

Classes are an hour long and each participant receives a comprehensive energy efficiency kit, valued at $200. During the class, we examine how energy is used in the home, how it is wasted, and how to reduce energy consumption while still enjoying the same quality of life. Participants receive the kit if they agree to share some information on energy conserving habits and home improvements they may have made after attending the class.

By collecting this data, we can make some assumptions on overall, county-wide residential energy conservation. We will then provide this data to the University and the Federal Government. By giving away CFL light bulbs and energy conservation kits, we can measure the amount of kilowatts that have been conserved. To date we have distributed over 8000 CFLs alone. This translates to a savings of 40,000 kWh each year the bulbs are in use and over 4 MILLION kWh over the lifetime of these long-lasting bulbs. In addition, this savings reflects a reduction of the greenhouse gas, C02, by 3000 tons!

Our goal is to distribute 60,000 CFLs in addition to information on overall energy efficiency. Extension believes that by providing people with the facts, and a little incentive we can realize a significant county-wide energy conservation strategy. Everybody wins!

US Department of Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant Program

EnergyStar® CFL Savings Calculator

Pinellas County Extension’s Energy Efficiency Project

UF’s Easy Steps to Improving Your Home’s Energy Efficiency

Eat Your Antioxidants

2010-11-22T10:59:00.002-05:00

By Sara Holmberg, Dietetic Intern, Bay Pines VA Health Care System, Pinellas County Extension

Your mother always told you to eat your vegetables, and she knew what she was talking about. One of the best ways to get antioxidants is by eating vegetables. But what are antioxidants and what can they do for you? Many people do not know the answer to this question, or that the way vegetables are cooked can significantly affect the amount of antioxidant that makes it into your mouth.

Why Should I Eat Antioxidants? First, let’s discuss why antioxidants are so important. Antioxidants are a group of important nutrients that include phytochemicals, vitamins, and minerals. Phytochemicals are naturally occurring substances in fruits and vegetables that have been shown to have protective properties against diseases. Examples of phytochemicals include allyl sulfides in onion and garlic, and beta-carotene, which can be found in sweet potatoes, carrots, green peppers, and spinach, among others. Antioxidants can prevent disease-causing damage to your cells, as well as repair damage that has been done. An antioxidant works by binding to a cell in your body, preventing an oxygen molecule from binding to that same cell. When oxygen binds to a cell, it allows free radicals to enter. Free radicals enter your body through exposure to cigarette smoke, UV rays (from sunlight and tanning beds), and environmental pollutants like smog. These free radicals damage cells, weakening your immune system and putting you at greater risk for premature aging, arthritis, heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and cataracts. Antioxidants, which kill these free radicals, are found naturally in fruits and vegetables. They can also be found in herbs and whole grains.

Cooking vegetables can kill the antioxidants. As most Americans do not consume the recommended 2-3 cups of vegetables per day, it’s important to maximize the nutrients from the vegetables that are eaten. Let’s discuss different ways to cook vegetables with respect to maintaining their antioxidant content.

The Worst: Boiling. Boiling is the most common way to cook vegetables. However, it is considered the worst antioxidant killer: most vegetables lose between 30-50% of antioxidants from boiling. This is because many antioxidants are “water-soluble;” they leach out into the boiling water and are lost when that water is drained. The longer vegetables are exposed to water, the more nutrients they lose. If boiling is your preferred method of cooking, it’s recommended that only a minimal amount of water be used (do not “drown” the vegetables), and make sure to use the shortest cooking time necessary for tenderness. Exposure to heat causes antioxidant losses. Baking is also considered a poor way to cook vegetables as the long cook time kills many nutrients.

The Best: Microwaving and Steaming. It is a common myth that microwaves kill nutrients. In fact, the opposite is true. Shortened cooking times make microwaves the best way to retain antioxidants and nutrients. Again, the trick is using as little water as possible. Frozen vegetables need no added water, and fresh vegetables only require 1-2 tablespoons. Steaming is considered almost as good as microwaving. Cooking vegetables over the water instead of in the water allows the nutrients to remain intact.

The Maybe: Sautéing. Sautéing on the stove is considered a good method as well. Using olive oil is a great choice because it actually increases the antioxidant content of the vegetables. This is because olive oil by nature is full of antioxidants. Other oils, such as canola, do provide some nutritional benefits but not the antioxidant effects of olive oil.

One More Thing. As a general rule: the darker the vegetable, the greater the antioxidant content. For example, choose red onions over white or yellow, orange sweet potatoes over white or russet potatoes, and red leaf or romaine over iceberg lettuce. By purchasing dark colored fruits and vegetables in the grocery store, and by changing your cooking method to microwaving or steaming, you will help your body fight disease and feel younger and healthier.

Florida has an abundance of fresh produce year round. Check out the seasonal availability chart from the Florida department of Agriculture and Consumer Services to see what is in season.

For additional information, please refer to the website below.

http://pinellas.ifas.ufl.edu/blog_timely_topics/Florida_Produce_Seasonal_Availability_Chart.pdf

http://www.extension.org/pages/What_is_the_Best_Cooking_Method_to_Preserve_the_Nutrients_in_Fruits_and_Vegetables

4-H Grows the Next Generation of Scientists

2010-11-11T09:00:00.000-05:00

Jean Rogalsky, 4-H Youth Development Agent, Pinellas County Extension

Today ‘s 4-H Youth Development Program has grown from its agricultural roots to include learning opportunities in subjects like robotics, bio-fuels, alternative energy, climate change, computer science and rocketry. Today, one of the three national initiatives in the 4-H program is 4-H Science, formerly known as 4-H SET. One goal of the initiative is to prepare youth to become the next generation of scientists.

The United States is facing global technological challenges with a shortage of scientists. A recent study showed that only eighteen percent of U.S. high school seniors are proficient in science and only five percent of current U.S. college graduates earn a degree in science, engineering, or technology. These percentages are even more startling when compared to 66 percent of college graduates in Japan and 59 percent in China.

To meet the need for an increase in science and technology professionals, 4-H set the goal of engaging one million new youth in science programs by 2013. Nationally, 4-H Science programs reach more than 5 million youth with hands-on learning experiences in the sciences.

4-H Science is an initiative and not a set program. While more and more 4-H members and groups are using the newer curricula in robotics, computer science, or Project Butterfly WINGS, the older project materials are being used as well. Much of 4-H project work is based in science, but science has not always been stressed. For example, 4-H entomology projects have taught 4-H members to identify, collect, or control insects, but Project Butterfly Wings, teaches youth to become citizen scientists by observing and collecting butterfly data and then sending the data to partnering scientists through group web pages.

A favorite project for the past several years is “Rockets Away” developed by the Ohio State University Extension. This project explores the science behind rocketry through activities that illustrate Newton’s Laws of Motion. The materials used are common, inexpensive supplies, such as straws, balloons, and basketballs; or recyclables such as soda cans or bottles. In fact, the body of the rocket is a 2-liter soda bottle. As the group goes through the activities, they are asked to think as scientists and collect, analyze, and compare data. Then they are asked to think of ways they observe these laws in every day life.

In case you were wondering, here are Newton’s Laws of Motion:

• Newton’s First Law – Objects at rest will stay at rest, or objects in motion will stay in motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Think of a punter kicking a football.

• Newton’s Second Law – The acceleration of an object is directly related to the force exerted on that object and oppositely related to the mass of that object. This is why rocket engines are in stages and separate from the rocket after they are spent.

• Newton’s Third Law – For every action there is always an opposite and equal reaction. This is why a lawn sprinkler spins.

To see the Rockets Away project in action, come to the 4-H Open House November 6 at Pinellas County Extension. The Open House is from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. While there will be rocketry activities throughout the day, the rocketry workshop will start at 1:30.

4-H Science information from http://www.4-h.org/.

For more information on the Rockets Away project book: http://extension.osu.edu/rockets/

Alien Plant Invasion!

2010-11-08T09:00:00.000-05:00

Theresa Badurek, Urban Horticulture Agent, Pinellas County Extension

It’s October and the Florida Holly is in full bloom. Wait a minute, Florida Holly? Even though that sounds like a beautiful plant, don’t be fooled! What some people call the “Florida Holly” is really an insidious invasive exotic. The real name of this plant is Brazilian pepper, Schinus terebinthifolius. You probably see this plant in so many places that you don’t even notice it anymore. Or maybe you’ve always wondered what that lovely big shrub with all the pretty red berries on it was. Here it is:

This plant was introduced to Florida in the mid 1800s as an ornamental plant. It has since taken over and continues to spread and destroy natural habitats all over Florida. If that wasn’t enough to prove to you what a nasty plant this is, it’s also a member of the same plant family as poison ivy. Yes, that means that contact with the plant may cause a rash or irritation. Some people experience respiratory irritation while it’s in bloom, from late summer through November. Many are in full bloom right now.

Now that you know this alien invasion is taking place, you can help stop it! If you have a Brazilian pepper- remove it! (Note: this is easier said than done…) Talk to a neighbor and let them know if they have an invasive plant that should be removed. While we’re on the subject, there are many other invasive exotics to look out for. Helping control the spread of the plants is one of the many ways you can help protect Florida’s unique ecosystems.

Brazilian pepper links that include control methods:
http://plants.ifas.ufl.edu/node/405

http://www.tbep.org/pdfs/BrazilianPepper_web.pdf

Here are some other beautifully deceptive non-native invasive exotics you should know:

Camphor tree, Cinnamomum camphora

Camphor tree can grow into a very large tree- up to 65’ tall. It has lovely glossy green leaves that smell like camphor when crushed. Mature trees produce many, many, many round black seeds. This tree also grows into a great dense canopy that provides plenty of shade- so much shade that it shades the native species right out. It invades many ecosystems, but is often found in dry disturbed sites.

Carrotwood tree, Cupaniopsis anacardioides

This is a small tree that grows up to about 30-35’ tall. It flowers in late winter/early spring with clusters of white to yellow-green flowers. It produces fruit that are capsules that split open to reveal its orange seeds. This is a lovely little tree that primarily invades beautiful coastal habitats. Here it shades out the native species and is especially destructive in mangrove ecosystems.

Mexican petunia, Ruellia brittoniana

This is a pretty little perennial herb with pink, white, or purple flowers. It typically grows up to about 3’ tall and flowers throughout the year. Now this is a particularly tough one since you can still buy this in garden centers and it will grow just about anywhere. But that’s the problem. It invades creek beds, pine flatwoods, hardwood hammocks and other ecosystems and crowds out the native groundcovers along the way.

There are many other invasive exotics plants and here some links where you can learn much more about them and about controlling them:

UF Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants: http://plants.ifas.ufl.edu/

Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council: http://www.fleppc.org/index.cfm

IFAS Assessment of Non-native Plants in Florida’s Natural Areas: http://plants.ifas.ufl.edu/assessment/conclusions.html

“Living Green” video on invasive exotics: http://livinggreen.ifas.ufl.edu/tv_episodes/invasive_exotics.html

Get Classy Before the Holidays!

2010-11-01T11:00:00.000-04:00

Attend Pinellas County Extension’s November Classes

Pinellas County Extension offers residents a wide variety of classes to help them make sustainable decisions. Be sure to check out our lunch break online classes in November, “Solutions in 30.”

Solutions in 30:
November 10, 2010 - My Favorite Green Practices: Session 1
November 17, 2010 - Introduction to Green Star

Commercial (Pesticide/FNGLA/ISA) CEUs:
November 3, 2010 - Last Call Fall CEU Update
November 3, 2010 - Fumigation
November 3, 2010 - Core
November 3, 2010 - General Household Pest
November 3, 2010 - Termites

Extension Programs:
November 2, 2010 - Master Money Mentor
November 2, 2010 - Focus on Finances
November 3, 2010, 11:30 am - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
November 3, 2010, 1:30 pm - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
November 3, 2010 - Landscaping for Wetland Wildlife
November 7, 2010 - Morning Nature Hike
November 8, 2010 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
November 11, 2010, 2:00pm - Native Plants
November 11, 2010, 6:15pm - Native Plants
November 13, 2010 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
November 16, 2010, - The 5 Biggest Myths of Climate Change
November 16, 2010 - Overview of Florida-Friendly Landscaping
November 17, 2010 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
November 18, 2010 - GreenStar ADVANCED
November 20, 2010 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
November 23, 2010 - Early Evening Nature Hike

You can register for classes online at www.pinellascountyextension.org
Please look for and click on the “Online Class Registration” tab on the right hand side near the top of the page.

Sustainable Floridians Master Volunteer Program

2010-10-20T09:00:00.000-04:00

Mary Campbell, Extension Director, Pinellas County Extension

Are you interested in living a green and sustainable lifestyle? Pinellas County Extension is launching a new University of Florida led program to teach you about green and sustainable practices. This intensive training program creates knowledgeable and motivated volunteers ready to support sustainable education programs in Extension. Volunteers will share this information in the community through programs, events, schools and outreach activities. A required number of volunteer hours (30) are necessary for completion of the program and certification. This can be accomplished through many community activities in partnership with Extension Agents.

The Sustainable Floridians Program will benefit those who complete the training by providing ways to incorporate sustainable practices into their daily lives. The program will provide information to motivated individuals to connect personal decisions with information about sustainable practices. The seven week course combines group discussions, weekly action exercises and resource materials for an interactive and informative program. Participants will be provided with course materials, books, energy conservation devices for the home, and other products that relate to sustainable living. Each week participants will meet for a half-day session to learn about topics such as energy conservation, local foods, land use issues, water conservation, ecological footprint, and community leadership.

Sustainable Floridians is an action program directed at volunteers who want to continue to promote sustainable practices through activities such as outreach events, supporting educational programs in schools, participating in the new Pinellas Green Home and other exciting programs provided by Extension. The newly developed program follows along the lines of the Master Gardener and Master Naturalist programs. The program is designed to be interactive and brings in local knowledge, creates group discussion, and promotes lasting behavior change. The program involves participants in record keeping for key indicators of sustainability: energy and water usage and vehicle miles traveled. In addition, weekly hands-on exercises are included that provide opportunities for implementing changes discussed in weekly topics. The final activity is the creation of a personal sustainability action plan.

Be a part of the first Sustainable Floridian program! The program is provided at no cost in 2011 and all resources are provided.

It will be held in three locations:

January 20 – March 3, 2011
Brooker Creek Preserve
3940 Keystone Road
Tarpon Springs, FL

April 7 – May 26, 2011
Weedon Island Preserve Cultural and Natural History Center
1800 Weedon Drive NE
St. Petersburg, FL

September 15 – October 27, 2011
Pinellas County Extension
12520 Ulmerton Road
Largo, FL

If you are interested in this new and exciting program, please provide us with your name and e-mail address and you will be contacted (not all applicants will be selected for the program – only 12 participants per class) .

For more information contact:

Mary Campbell
727-582-2101
mcampbell@pinellascounty.org

or

Ramona Madhosingh-Hector
727-582-2656
rmadhosingh-hector@pinellascounty.org

Trick or Treat? The Sweet Truth about Sugar

2010-10-18T09:36:00.002-04:00

10/18/10 |
Amanda Bachman, Dietetic Intern, Bay Pines VA Health Care System, Pinellas County Extension

With Halloween and the holiday season right around the corner, families are bombarded with candy, treats, and sugar filled parties. How can these sweet treats impact your family’s health? Let’s take a look at the truth about sugar.

Risks of Too Much Sugar
Despite what popular diets may say, the body does actually need carbohydrates to function. Sugar, a form of carbohydrate, is found naturally in healthy options such as fruit and milk, but is added to many products, such as:

Regular Soda
Punches, Lemonade, Fruit Drinks
Sports Drinks
Cakes, Cookies, Brownies
Candy
Ice Cream
Toaster Pastries, Sugary Cereals

Excess added sugar in your family’s diet from items, such as those listed above, add extra calories with no nutrient benefits. While in moderation treats can have a place within the diet, high intake of added sugar can ultimately lead to unwanted weight gain. Children also consuming sugary treats and beverages, such as excess juice and soda, instead of fruit, vegetables, and milk can be at risk for vitamin and mineral deficiency.

ADHD and Sugar
Although it has been rumored that too much sugar leads to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and can cause children to “bounce off of the walls”, research has shown that this belief is actually a myth. ADHD has shown to be a result of genetics and environmental sources such as cigarette smoking and alcohol use during pregnancy. However, a diet low in added sugar is suggested for all children for optimal health.

Sugar Addiction

There has also been suggestion that a diet high in added sugar can be classified as an addiction, or rather a sugar-dependency. Research shows that eating high amounts of excess sugar can actually trigger the same areas of the brain as addictive drugs. What does this mean for your child? A diet high in added sugar could lead to a slippery slope of a strong liking and dependence on sugary options. Therefore, the key is to prevent or stop such habits while your child is young.

How to Reduce Sugar Intake

To help your child avoid acquiring a strong liking for sugary foods, encourage a well balanced diet filled with 5 servings of fruits and vegetables, 3 servings of low-fat or non-fat dairy, and whole grains on a daily basis. Save high sugar items for special occasions keeping in mind small portion sizes. Sugar substitutes can also provide a healthy alternative for those with a strong desire for sweetness. Overall, these products have shown to be safe, however, use caution since “sugar free” products may not always be a nutritious choice. For instance, diet soda and reduced sugar beverages should not take the place of milk and water, and items marked as “sugar free”, such as cookies, candies, and prepackaged snacks, can still be very high in calories and fat.

So how do you tackle the large jack-o-lantern of candy after Halloween? Here are a few tips:

Feed your child a healthy meal prior to trick-or-treating to avoid overindulgence on candy when the night is over.
Have your child select 3-5 miniature pieces of candy that they will enjoy that night.
Establish a plan for what to do with the leftovers

Keep the candy out of sight and accessibility
Decide with your child how many pieces will be allowed per day, such as 1-2 piece
Divide the leftovers into plastic bags to portion out a small daily trea
Give the candy away to others (friends, family, co-workers)
If overindulgence is a major concern, consider throwing away the leftovers

National 4-H Week

2010-10-11T09:34:00.000-04:00

10/11/10 |
Jean Rogalsky, 4-H Agent, Pinellas County Extension

October 3-9 is National 4-H Week and the perfect time to look at the state of 4-H today.

4-H is alive and well in Pinellas County, the state of Florida, and throughout the United States. Nationally, there are six million youth involved in 4-H. These youth live in urban and suburban neighborhoods, as well as rural communities. The 4-H program continues to thrive and grow in large part due to 540,000 volunteers who lend their experience and expertise to make a difference in a child’s life.

In Florida, there are over 244,000 youth participating in 4-H activities with 15,842 adult volunteers. 4-H youth participated in over 306,000 projects including public speaking, robotics, environmental education, theater arts, and leadership.

In Pinellas County, youth participate in 4-H community clubs, 4-H afterschool clubs, and 4-H partnership schools. There are 22 community clubs and five afterschool clubs with over 400 members. The grades with the highest number of 4-H members are the 5th and 6th grades. In the community clubs, the most popular projects are horse, gardening, and dog. The afterschool clubs focus on cooking, performing arts, and photography. The project choices for all 4-H members range from Aerospace to Workforce Preparation. There are approximately 80 adult volunteers working with the club program, in addition to the episodic volunteers who may judge or help with certain events.

To showcase the positive outcomes of 4-H, whether the youth are involved in the traditional agricultural projects or the newer urban program projects, here are the results of a comprehensive research project. Tufts University released a study in 2008 called the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. This research began in 2001 and has surveyed over 5,000 youth in 34 states. The results show youth engaged with 4-H are:

25 percent more likely to positively contribute to their families, themselves, and their communities
Nearly two times more likely to get better grades in school
More likely to see themselves going to college
41 percent less likely to engage in risky behaviors

In the 2008 data collection, the researchers added questions regarding science, engineering and computer technology interests and attitudes. They surveyed 1,309 4-H participants and 788 non-4-H participants in the10th grade. Key findings show that 4 H youth are more likely to:

Participate in programs science, engineering and computer technology programs
Perform better in subjects related to science compared to their classmates
Plan to pursue careers in science
Have higher levels of female involvement in science programs

4-H can consistently produce these outcomes through a variety of delivery methods and project areas because it is the goal of the national, state, and county 4-H programs to ensure all participants in 4-H experience the Essential Elements of 4-H youth development. They are:

Belonging – to have a sense of connection and relationship with a caring adult
Mastery- to experience success in meeting challenges and building self-confidence
Independence – to know one can influence people and events through decision making
Generosity – to have a connection to the community and knowing one’s life has purpose

Those of you who were 4-H members as children may want to think back and find how your 4-H memories fit into the Essential Elements. Then think about how 4-H fits into your life today.

For more information on 4-H research and the Tufts study: http://www.4-h.org/about/youth-development-research/

To learn more about the Florida 4-H Program: http://www.florida4h.org/

Fertilize Your Yard Responsibly

2010-09-27T09:00:00.003-04:00

Dale Armstrong, Coordinator Florida Yards & Neighborhoods, Pinellas County Extension

It’s that time of year when homeowners start thinking about fall fertilization of their lawn and landscape. This year Pinellas County residents may give a little more thought to fall fertilization since this was the first summer that the new county ordinance prohibited the application of fertilizers containing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P).

As a reminder, the Pinellas County Fertilizer Ordinance contains a “black-out” period between June 1 and September 30 when fertilizers containing nitrogen and phosphorus may not be used. The reasoning is that if N and P are not applied during the rainy season then these nutrients cannot be carried by stormwater to pollute our surface waters and groundwater. Excessive N and P in our surface waters are responsible for harmful algae blooms and undesirable growth of aquatic vegetation. For additional information about the fertilizer ordinance please see the link at the end of this article.

So, if you decide to apply fertilizer during the fall, how do you do it responsibly? If you are hiring someone to fertilize for you, the responsible thing to do is to ensure they are a state-certified fertilizer applicator, which becomes mandatory after January 19, 2011 in Pinellas County. Ask to see their license. If you plan to fertilize your own yard you should educate yourself about how to properly select and apply the product. Following are some important factors to consider if you are going to apply fertilizer yourself:

• First, do a rough measurement of your turfgrass area to determine approximate number of square feet. Fertilizer application rates are calculated based on pounds of nitrogen per thousand square feet. Once you have calculated how many square feet you will be fertilizing you can determine how much fertilizer to purchase.

• Since you will be buying a fertilizer with at least 50% slow release nitrogen as required by the Pinellas County Fertilizer Ordinance and recommended by University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, you will use table 1a in this fact sheet: “Figuring out Fertilizer for the Home Lawn”. Table 1a is for application of 1 pound of nitrogen per thousand square feet.

• Looking at table 1a you will see that the number of pounds of fertilizer you purchase varies depending on the percentage of nitrogen (the first of the three numbers listed) in the bag. A 15-0-15 formula has 15% nitrogen, no phosphorus, and 15% potassium.

• The higher the percentage of nitrogen, the less fertilizer you will be spreading. Referring to table 1a you will see that for a 15% N fertilizer the application rate is only 6.5 pounds per 1,000 square feet. So, on a lawn that is 3,000 square feet, for example, you would purchase a 20 pound bag of 15-0-15 because 3 times 6.5 equals 19.5 pounds total fertilizer needed. Since several fertilizer formulas may be available you may want to take table 1a with you when shopping.

• It is very important to keep fertilizers and all other pollutants off of hard surfaces like driveways, sidewalks, and roads so rain runoff will not carry them into storm drains. Remember, only water (nothing else) down the storm drain.

I suggest you read the instructions on the fertilizer bag, the Pinellas County Fertilizer Ordinance, and the fertilizer fact sheet for additional tips and instructions about responsible fertilization. A healthy lawn can be maintained by using the correct quantity of fertilizer and by applying it properly and at the right time of the year. By following these instructions you will also be protecting the environment from the detrimental effects of nutrient runoff and leaching.

Additional Resource
Pinellas County Fertilizer Ordinance http://www.pinellascounty.org/environment/pageshtml/pdfs/Fertilizer-Ordinance-Brochure.pdf

Choosing a Financial Planner

2010-09-13T11:30:00.000-04:00

9/13/10 |
Karen Saley, Extension Specialist, Pinellas County Extension

Now more than ever it may be time to think about speaking with a certified financial planner. It’s always a good idea to get some sound financial advice, but in difficult economic times when resources may be limited it could mean the difference between losing or saving money.

Choosing a financial planner is just as important as choosing a doctor, lawyer, or accountant. You want someone that is reputable and has your best interest in mind. So how do you go about finding someone you can trust?

Start by asking family and friends. You may also want to consult your banker, insurance agent, accountant and other people in the financial industry. Many financial planners work with these professionals and may have well established relationships with them. It’s usually best to have an in-person interview with your potential planner. Body language says a lot about a person plus you will notice immediately if you have a sense of comfort with the person. Remember, you will share a lot of personal information and you want to feel secure in the knowledge it will be kept confidential and used appropriately.

The Financial Planning Association recommends that you ask these basic questions when interviewing a financial planner:

Financial planning and other financial designations a planner holds
Educational background and work experience
Licenses to sell certain financial products, such as life insurance or securities
Services the planner provides
The planner's basic approach to financial planning
Areas of specialization
Types of clients the planner serves, and any minimum net worth or income requirements
Professional affiliations, including membership in the Financial Planning Association
How the planner prepares a plan
How the planner might address your particular needs
Whether the planner or others will implement recommendations from the plan
Business relationships the planner has that might present a conflict of interest
How the planner is paid for services and typical charges

You can also check with the Certified Financial Planner Board at 888-237-6275 to determine if any complaints have been filed against the planner you are considering.

Once you have chosen a planner you will want to gather all your relevant documents to take to the meeting. Some of the information you should take with you are:

Bank Statements
Credit Card Balances
Mortgage or Loan Payment Books
List of Employee Benefits
List of Assets & Liabilities
Retirement Account Statements
Investment Statements
Tax Return

For a complete list visit http://www.fpaforfinancialplanning.org/

Having all of your documents organized will save time during your meeting which could mean saving you money. There are a number of ways financial planners charge for their services and you will want to discuss this with them prior to your first meeting unless the initial meeting is free. Many times you won’t really know what services you will need in the future until the planner has gone over your portfolio.

Fee-only

All of the financial planner's compensation from his or her client work comes exclusively from the clients in the form of fixed, flat, hourly, percentage or performance-based fees.

Commission-only

There is no charge for the planner's advice or preparation of a financial plan. Compensation is received solely from the sale of financial products you agree to purchase in order to implement financial planning recommendations.

Combination Fee/Commission

A fee is charged for consultation, advice and financial plan preparation on an hourly, project or percentage basis. In addition, the planner may receive commissions from the sale of recommended products used to implement your plan.

Salary

Some planners work on a salary and bonus basis for financial services firms.

Keeping your money secure and growing is one of the corner stones to building a secure financial future. It just may be time to look into getting some first-rate financial advice.

Resources

http://www.fpaforfinancialplanning.org/

http://www.cfp.net/

4-H Teen Council Pilots Intergenerational Technology Class

2010-09-07T14:10:00.000-04:00

9/7/10 |
Andrew Yuan, 4-H Youth Mentor, Pinellas County Extension

The Pinellas County 4-H Teen Council has just finished its first iteration of a highly successful Intergenerational Technology Class. In this increasingly technology-oriented world, the gap between generations has been exponentially widening due to rapid advancement in new technologies. The purpose of the Intergenerational Technology Class was to bridge this gap by having young people give some of their knowledge to an older generation of adults.

The Teen Council hatched the idea many months ago along with Dr. Larry Forthun, a University of Florida professor and expert in Intergenerational Approaches to Healthy Families and Communities, and former 4-H Agent Janet Golden. Through meetings and conference calls with Dr. Forthun, the group developed the details and goals of the program. The Teen Council developed the curriculum over the months in the form of two PowerPoint presentations and handouts for the senior citizens. The Teen Council used valuable resources such as a glossary of internet and computer terms for older adults developed by the National Institute on Aging. 4-H curricula such as project books Newbie Know-How and Teens Teaching Tech provided information and inspired ideas for the class.

On June 14, 2010, Dr. Forthun came down from the University of Florida to train the youth instructors on different learning styles associated with the generations. Based on our projected age group, Dr. Forthun gave tips such as presenting the “big picture” first with quick overviews of the days’ lessons or using real world examples by comparing things on a computer to things in an office.

The Teen Council held its first session of the two-part class on June 28th and June 30th in the computer lab of Seminole Library. For the first session, seven ladies from the local Freedom Square Community center came to learn. In addition to Teen Council Co-Presidents Melissa Sharp and Andrew Yuan, four youth volunteers helped to facilitate the program. Extension staff member James Stevenson accompanied the youth. With a focus on basic computer skills such as navigation, keyboard, and mouse functions for Part I, and a focus on internet and email for Part II, the senior citizens gained a total of 3 hours of instruction.

The Council held its second session of the class on July 12th and July 14th, this time accompanied by Extension staff member Vestina Crayton. This time there were five new students (again all female) and two returning see if they could learn even more. The class ran smoothly once again, despite the absence of the majority of the youth volunteers who were at 4-H Camp.

The class was very well-received. The seniors were very receptive and quick learners. They were also very determined learners with an average age of about 83 years old. The youth also enjoyed the class since they had the chance to work with an interesting and friendly bunch of senior citizens. One woman appreciated the class so much she offered to give a $200.00 donation to 4-H towards the purchase of a portable sound system. The sound system could be used for programs such as this one where the students were hard of hearing or to address larger groups.

Based on evaluation sheets that asked the seniors to rate components of the class and give input for future classes, there was positive feedback all around. Comments praised the patience and knowledge of the youth instructors. Ten out of the fouteen evaluations showed the seniors were more comfortable using computers, thirteen out of the fourteen stated they would use the skills they had learned, and thirteen out of the fourteen would recommend the class to others. Ultimately everyone benefited as the youth gained teaching and leadership skills while the senior citizens gained useful computer skills. Both groups gained an appreciation of another generation. The most popular question of the day in both classes was, “When is your next class?”

While many youth spent the summer on the beach or at the mall, the 4-H Teen Council illustrated perfectly how 4-H “Makes the Best Better”.

Fall into a Class with the Pinellas County Extension

2010-08-31T08:45:00.002-04:00

Attend Pinellas County Extension’s September Classes

Pinellas County Extension offers residents a wide variety of classes to help them make sustainable decisions. Be sure to check out our lunch break online classes, “Solutions in 30.”

Solutions in 30:
September 1, 2010 - Preparing Your Landscape for Storms
September 8, 2010 - Coastal Invasion – Are We Ready?
September 15, 2010 - Fall Vegetable Gardening
September 22, 2010 - The Scoop on Sugar - Curbing Your Sweet Tooth
September 29, 2010 - Solar Power in the Sunshine State

Commercial (Pesticide/FNGLA/ISA) CEUs:
September 16 - Best Managment Practices (Spanish)
September 22 - Roundup License Training - LCLM

Lawn & Garden:
September 8, 2010 - Vegetable Gardening 2:00pm
September 8, 2010 - Vegetable Gardening 6:15pm
September 11, 2010 - Backyard Composting Workshop
September 18, 2010 - Palms- Keeping them Healthy
September 22, 2010 - Wasps, Hornets, & Bees
September 25, 2010 - Rain Harvesting Workshop

Families & Consumers:
September 15, 2010 - Focus on Finances

Sustainable Living:
September 15, 2010 - Green Jobs
September 25, 2010 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
September 21, 2010 - Clean Marina and Boatyard Workshop
September 21, 2010 - The Five Biggest Myths of Climate Change

You can register for classes online at http://www.pinellascountyextension.org/
Look for and click on the “Online Class Registration” orange button on the right hand side near the top of the page.

Make Your Neighbors Disappear!

2010-08-26T15:17:00.001-04:00

Bamboo

8/26/10 |
Bob Albanese, Extension Specialist, Pinellas County Extension

In this day and age of small lots and big houses at some point in time we all pretty much have the same desire “I wish I had more privacy in my yard”. Whether you like them or not, you really don’t want to see your neighbors waving a pleasant howdy-do to you as you and your sweetie are relaxing in your hot tub with a refreshing drink. Or perhaps you are entertaining friends lounging around the pool, or eating a meal with the family, in any case privacy is a nice thing to have. With some careful planning and a bit of research you can easily make the view of your prying neighbor turn into a pleasant scene of foliage. The first thing you’ll need to ascertain is how tall a screen you will need; for most folks with one story houses a planting that grows 4 to 6 feet tall is frequently adequate. Then factor in the amount of sun/shade and available watering- all of these factors will combine to limit your choices to a plant palette that should serve you well.

Podocarpus

Bamboo – there are many suitable choices in the world of Bamboo and other closely related genera. The secret to being successful with these plants is to be sure you choose the right species to do the job you need it to do. When choosing a bamboo be sure to select a clumping bamboo (NEVER A RUNNING BAMBOO), there are hundreds, perhaps thousands to choose from. Mature growing heights vary greatly; I suggest picking a variety that stays under 15 feet tall.

Malberry

Podocarpus – (Podocarpus macrophylla) If a sheared hedge is needed I strongly recommend this plant. Full to half a day of sun is best and a well drained soil is a must. Recommended spacing for a dense hedge is 3 feet on center (“OC”), once established they are also quite drought tolerant. The needle like foliage combined with its soft bluish green color is very attractive and pruning can be done as few as 3 times a year.

Marlberry (Ardissia escallonioides) – a native shrub that grows in a naturally columnar form makes it ideal for a hedge or screening plant. Full shade to partial shade is ideal for this drought resistant plant. The leaves are a shade of grey-green and the leaf has an unusual satin gloss appearance. Small black fruits are produced in profusion which adds to its curb appeal. It also attracts birds and has a wonderfully fragrant flower.

Sabal Minor

(Sabal minor) is a great native shrub like palm that is one of the most trouble free plants you can plant in central Florida. It will grow in just about any soil, in full sun to full shade and forms a dense hedge. Add its’ incredible drought resistance (when established properly), and the fact that it rarely if ever needs to be fertilized or pruned. They grow to be about 4 to 5 feet tall, thick and full to the ground and they have no serious insect or disease pests.

Dwarf Sugar Date

Dwarf sugar date palm (Arenga engleri) the mature growing height of this clumping palm is described as “9 to 12 feet tall” making it an excellent screening plant. When it is in bloom the fragrance is so sweet it is hard to believe it comes from a palm tree. The foliage is a dark green above and silver below which adds interest to the striking tropical appearance.

Lady Palm

Corn Plant (Dracena fragrans) the common corn plant is an excellent tall narrow screening plant for those of you who live in the warmer areas of the county. They are very shade tolerant and pretty drought tolerant as well. The growing height depends on where you happen to cut it back to and the durable foliage is attractive year round. Blooms on established plants appear at years end and are quite fragrant from sunset till dawn.

Lady palm (Raphis excelsa) makes a very appealing tropical looking privacy hedge that is best in half a day shade to full shade. Being a palm there is little seasonal change. The glossy green leaves dance gracefully in the slightest breeze and are appealing all year long. Drought and cold hardiness are extra bonuses for this superb and under used plant.

Christmas in Summer

2010-08-09T11:25:00.002-04:00

8/9/10 |

By Karen Saley, Extension Specialist, Pinellas County Extension

With the summer heat hitting the nineties, Christmas is probably the last thing on your mind, but now is the time to start putting into practice all those helpful budgeting tips you read about in November and December.

Lack of planning can lead to overspending during the holidays. It’s easy to get caught up in the hustle and bustle of holiday shopping along with feeling the strain of limited time which can lead to buying gifts at full price and on impulse. With a little advanced planning and writing out a budget you will be able to reduce your stress and save time and money this holiday season.

Before you write out your spending plan there are a few things you may want to consider before getting started.

Are there people you can eliminate from your gift list like the mailman, your kid’s teachers, and your hairdresser? It’s very nice to remember everyone during the holidays, but they are probably feeling the financial pinch as much as you and are most likely not expecting a gift.
If your family is one of the many that exchange gifts with everyone you may want to talk to them about a secret Santa or pulling names from a hat. You may want to ask if there is a family gift such as video or electronic games, camping gear, or sporting equipment that the whole family would use.
If there is a family member that has their heart set on a more expensive give, take up a collection from the whole family to purchase it instead of buying a lot of little things that may not be appreciated as much.
Discuss the idea of family and friends spending time together playing games, watching holiday movies or getting involved in a charity helping others instead of exchanging gifts.
Preparing the holiday meal can be very time consuming and expensive. Suggest that this year everyone make a dish, provide beverages, or bring dessert. It’s a good way to get everyone involved in the holiday meal and it will save you time and money.

Now that you have considered some ways to reduce your holiday expenses, it’s time to write your spending plan and start shopping.

Make a list of everyone you are going to buy gifts for and set a dollar amount for each person.
Go through your gift wrap, bows, and cards and make a list of what you will need for the holidays. If you want to be really frugal, consider using some of the more colorful pages of the newspaper as gift wrap.
Write out your holiday menu and start stocking up on the non-perishable items you will need such as chicken broth, stuffing mix, and canned or frozen vegetables. This will allow you to buy these items as they go on sale.
Start gift shopping. Look for those bargains and sales at the book stores, toy stores, department stores, and outlets. You will have two seasonal sales events to make the most of before the end of the year.
Sign up to receive email alerts from your favorite stores so you can take advantage of sales and coupons throughout the year.
Compare prices on line before making a purchase. Having the time to shop around can save you big bucks.

With a little planning and a head start on your shopping, you will save time and money and be far less stressed this holiday season. Happy Holidays!

A Farewell from Our 4-H Youth Mentors

2010-08-04T09:00:00.001-04:00

Jean Rogalsky, 4-H Agent, Pinellas County Extension

As summer draws to a close, so do the job assignments of the 4-H Youth Mentors. Youth Mentors have developed and delivered programs, wrote curriculum, and assisted in a variety of office tasks. The 4-H Youth Mentor position has been supported by the Pinellas County 4-H Foundation for the past two years. During this time, 4-H Youth Mentors have contributed articles to Timely Topics. Melissa Sharp and Andrew Yuan both completed their tenure as Youth Mentors last week. Before they left, they each wrote a final article describing their experiences in 4-H and as Youth Mentors. Melissa will be attending the Florida Institute of Technology and Andrew will be attending Duke University.

A 4-H Farewell

By Andrew Yuan

I came into 4-H in the fall of 2007 through a bit of an unconventional route. My brother Eric was a 4-H Youth Mentor and he had the car. I needed volunteer hours and I didn’t want to take the bus home. So I became a 4-H volunteer in the Pinellas County Extension Office. I helped my brother and Richard (the other mentor) with whatever projects they were working on. I learned to do as I was told, and I became very familiar with the copy machine. Throughout the school year I worked on developing the Technology Team.

I stayed on in the summer, expecting to work more with the 4-H Tech Team. Instead I was thrown onto the 4-H Nutrition Team. We went out daily to local recreation centers (up to four a day!) and through a series of pre and post tests, presentations, skits, and interactive cooking lessons, we showed youth in our community the merits of eating healthy and exercising. As the summer drew to a close and the previous mentors preparing for college, I was finally offered the position of 4-H Youth Mentor.

My brother passed the torch on to me and I gained new responsibilities and a low but steady income. Through this job, which I would easily consider one of the most interesting jobs a teen could have, I have had so many experiences. Within the past two years I have headed the Tech Team and co-founded the Teen Council. I have created websites, developed curriculum, created presentations, slideshows, brochures, postcards, flyers, and labels. I have done clerical work such as entering volunteer hours, using 4-Honline, and records managing. I have even moved furniture, packed boxes, helped cater banquets, and hosted events. Last year I had the opportunity to go to Congress and Melissa and I placed first with our team demonstration. This year I got to go to Legislature and see the inner workings of the Florida government as well as advocate a bill to increase speed limits. Just this summer I have worked with people of all ages, from teaching senior citizens to use computers to working with elementary to middle school youth in a drama class.

Most of all, I’ve noticed that everything in 4-H is founded on the same basic principles: helping people and building life skills. Through my experiences in 4-H I have developed cooking skills, technology skills, public speaking skills, leadership and teamwork skills, and an unparalleled level of flexibility. I am truly thankful for my time here and I will miss it. I was fortunate enough to have a behind-the-scenes look at 4-H as well as participate in 4-H activities. I have seen the layers of support in 4-H all the way from our 4-H agent at the top, to dedicated club leaders, to generous parents, down to enthusiastic youth, so I know 4-H will continue to be strong in Pinellas County.

A Goodbye to 4-H

By Melissa Sharp

My last six years here in 4-H have been full of wonderful and exciting moments. From a frantically beating heart as you stand in front of the judges just about to present your demonstration, to winning a blue ribbon and first place at State 4-H competition, to developing programs to benefit the community, to hanging out on the 22nd floor of the capitol building where you almost swear you can see all of Florida, 4-H really is an amazing program full of opportunities you won’t find any where else, and I was lucky enough to experience a lot of them. In the last two years alone, I have started a Teen Council which will, starting next year, become the County Council. I have gone to 4-H Executive Board and helped plan for our state activities, and won a blue ribbon and first place last year with Andrew on our team demonstration of how to build a club website. I helped Pinellas County push forward the new 4-H science initiative by being a part of our state fair activities and trying to implement it in our outreach and community programs. This year for the first time, I went to 4-H State Legislature where I was a House Representative. I learned a lot about the way our government works and formed some valuable friendships. I was also able to develop curriculum for our Palm Harbor Library Drama Class, and Intergenerational Technology Class. Both went very well and we were asked multiple times to come back again.

I have learned a lot and grown so much because of 4-H. I am more confident in myself and with my peers, and I know that I will succeed in my future. I really feel like 4-H has given me a firm foundation to fall back on and I am grateful for it. Even though I am leaving and won’t be a part of Pinellas County 4-H, I hope that 4-H here continues to grow and influence the young people of our county and state.

I will miss 4-H and everyone I have met through it. I hope to see all of you again.

For information on the Pinellas County 4-H program, visit the web site at http://pinellas.ifas.ufl.edu/4-H/index.shtml or contact Jean Rogalsky at jrogalsk@pinellascounty.org.

Take a Break from the Sun and Find Solutions for Your Life!

2010-07-28T12:05:00.002-04:00

Attend Pinellas County Extension’s August Classes

Pinellas County Extension offers residents a wide variety of classes to help them make sustainable decisions.

Be sure to check out our lunch break online classes in August, “Solutions in 30.” Each week this month there will be a special topic presented on Wednesdays at 12:15 pm in the form of a webinar.

Solutions in 30:
August 4, 2010 - Managing Stress in Tough Times
August 11, 2010 - Insect Invaders
August 18, 2010 - Introduction to GreenStar Office
August 25, 2010 - Solar Power in the Sunshine State

Commercial (Pesticide/FNGLA/ISA) CEUs:
August 11, 2010 - Best Management Practices

Lawn & Garden:
August 5, 2010 - The Fruitful Landscape
August 7, 2010 - From Your Garden to Your Kitchen
August 11, 2010 - Citrus Gardening @ 2:00 pm
August 11, 2010 - Citrus Gardening @ 6:15 pm
August 14, 2010 - Rain Harvesting Workshop
August 21, 2010 - The Insects That Invade Our Homes
August 25, 2010 - Shade Gardening

Urban Wildlife:
August 4, 2010 - Florida Botanical Gardens – Evening Nature Walk

Sustainable Living:
August 10, 2010 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
August 17, 2010 - Calculate Your Ecological Footprint
August 19, 2010 - GreenStar ADVANCED

You can register for classes online at http://www.pinellascountyextension.org/
Please look for and click on the “Online Class Registration” button on the right hand side near the top of the page.

Frangipani Hornworm

2010-07-26T11:20:00.000-04:00

7/26/10 |
Andy Wilson, Extension Specialist, Pinellas County Extension

Frangipani (Plumeria spp.)is a popular plant in the Tampa Bay area and much of the southern half of Florida. It produces clusters of showy flowers that are often fragrant. Visitors to Hawaii may recognize the flowers as one of those used in leis. Sometimes a colorful caterpillar, the frangipani hornworm, is also found on frangipani.

The frangipani caterpillar, also known as the tetrio sphinx or giant gray sphinx is found from Florida and some other parts of the southeastern and southwestern US though the West Indies, Mexico, Central America and South America to Brazil. In Florida, it has been found in most south Florida counties. It is also found here in Pinellas County.

The caterpillar is strikingly marked with black and yellow rings and a reddish-orange head. There is a black, one inch long, horn-like projection at the rear of the body. They can grow to a rather large size for a caterpillar, up to 6 inches long. Some entomologists have theorized that the coloration, which resembles that of the coral snake, may help protect the caterpillar from potential predators.

The frangipani caterpillar feeds on frangipani and some other members of the Dogbane Family including allamanda. On frangipani, each caterpillar can consume 3 leaves per day so that an entire plant can be striped of its leaves in as little as a few days. Once the leaves are gone the caterpillars will sometimes also feed on the plant’s branches.

At the end of the larval stage the caterpillar forms a pupal case in leaf litter or in the ground. Initially the pupa is yellow but after fully hardening it becomes a dark reddish-brown color. It is about 2 inches long.

The adult moths have brown, gray and white markings on their wings. Wingspan is about 5 to 5 ½ inches. The adult moths feed on nectar from flowers including periwinkle or vinca, Catharanthus roseus. After mating the female moths lay clusters of pale green eggs on the leaves of the host plant.

If there are only a few of the caterpillars on a plant they can often be adequately controlled by hand picking. Where there are too many caterpillars to make this practical, sprays containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), such as Thuricide, can be applied. Unless complete defoliation occurs repeatedly, the caterpillars usually do not threaten the plant’s survival.

Heavy Oil Recovery Device (HORD) successful in the Gulf of Mexico

2010-07-20T09:00:00.000-04:00

7/20/10 |
Heather Hammers, Florida Sea Grant Extension Agent, Pinellas County Extension

Just weeks after the first Heavy Oil Recovery Device (HORD) was successfully tested in the Gulf of Mexico off the shores of Alabama, the innovative devices are greatly improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the cleanup operation. The HORD, originally nicknamed “Tarball Retrieval Device”, is being manufactured at the rate of 8-10 units per day in shipyards in Pensacola, Fla., and Bayou La Batre, Ala. Up to 1,000 units are expected to be manufactured and put into service in the coming weeks.

The HORD has proven to be especially effective in collecting the thick, heavy oil that hampers traditional skimming methods. It is also able to cleanup the extremely light and difficult to remove sheen left on the water surface after skimming.

The brainchild of Capt. Gerry Matherne, the HORD exemplifies the adage “necessity is the mother of invention.” Matherne, a supertanker captain and second generation seaman, who is under contract with BP, realized early on that something different was needed to quickly and effectively deal with the sticky, orange globs of oil (known as tarballs) floating just under the water’s surface.

“Standard skimming methods work best on fresh oil on the water’s surface. A lot of the oil we’re dealing with on the Gulf has degraded, changing from a liquid state to a peanut butter-like consistency that floats on the surface and 12 to 18 inches below the surface,” said Matherne. “The HORD reflects creative thinking, a willingness to try new things and a can-do attitude by everyone involved with the clean-up

Matherne’s invention is essentially a single unit that acts as a filter, containment and disposal system rolled into one. A mesh bag held open by a 3-foot by 3-foot aluminum frame is dragged through the water by shrimp boats put into service as skimmers. The cage-like device scoops up surface oil and sheen, as well as the thick oil lurking beneath the surface of the water.

When the bags reach their two-ton capacity, they are switched out for empty ones, loaded onto smaller boats and transported to approved oil disposal units. The bags are later decontaminated and reused.

The total downtime for skimmers outfitted with HORDs is measured in minutes, compared to hours or days for a traditional skimmer that has to transport the captured oil to disposal units and wait to be unloaded, before returning to sea.

In addition to saving precious time, the HORD’s simple design greatly improves a boat’s maneuverability and ability to safely perform at faster speeds and in higher seas.

For more information about the Heavy Oil Recovery Device, please contact the Mobile Joint Information Center at (251) 445-8965.

For information about the response effort, visit www.deepwaterhorizonresponse.com.

Cell Phones, Love ‘Em or Hate “Em

2010-07-15T10:16:00.000-04:00

7/15/10 |
Karen Saley, Extension Specialist, Pinellas County Extension

According to the Better Business Bureau the cell phone industry was the most complained about industry in 2008 and 2009. Complaints included, but were not limited to, poor customer service, equipment malfunctions, unreliable service, and billing errors. Last year alone there were more than 37,000 complaints.

One complaint that I have heard from just about everyone I know who has a cell phone is the inability to get out of their contract. They have either wanted to upgrade, downgrade, or just get out of the contract all together only to find that they will be charged extravagant fees to do so. Cancelling your contract can cost anywhere from $150.00 to $250.00, and if you have several phones on the same plan that fee applies to each phone!

And as if being ripped off by your cell phone service provider wasn’t bad enough, for those unfortunate people that purchased their phone or plan through an “authorized retailer” things are even worse. Unbeknownst to most folks the authorized retailer is an independent company selling products and services for telephone companies. That means that they need their slice of the pie as well. Purchasing services from one of these dealers usually means signing an additional contract which could include additional fees for setup and service and hidden fees like a penalty for changing to a less expensive plan.

If you are one of the many cell phone users that is frustrated with your plan and would like to terminate your contract there are a couple of things you can do. One is to get someone to take over your contract. The cell phone companies don’t really care who pays the contract as long as it is paid. Given that, there are a number of websites that have sprung up to help people swap their contracts. Generally how they work is you post your contract information on the website where other people looking for a cell phone plan can assume your plan.

You may be asking why anyone would want your contract especially if you are unhappy with it. Well, there are several reasons. You may not be happy with your plan because it does not cover areas that you use a lot. There is someone out there that lives in the areas your plan covers. Some people would like a short term contract to see if they like the company and service they provide. If you only have a few months left on your contract it may be perfect for that person. Also the lucky person that assumes your contract will have the advantage of not having to pay the activation or setup fee.

The other way to possibly break your contract with the cell phone company is to review your monthly statements. Hidden in all that fine print may be a sentence or two that alters the original contract by changing some of the terms and conditions. Changing things like rates, charges, and how charges are calculated are referred to as “materially adverse” changes. If a company makes these types of changes you are entitled to break your contract without a penalty fee. There is a catch, of course. You must contact the company usually within 30 days of the change in order to break your contract. Some companies may only give you 14 days to respond. If you don’t meet the deadline it is assumed that you accept the changes.

Now, please understand that even though you are legally entitled to seek this course of action, your cell phone service provider does not want you to terminate your contract. The most effective way to proceed with this remedy is to speak with a supervisor, have documentation of the change handy, and use the term “materially adverse” in your request to end your contract. If you do succeed in your endeavor to terminate your contract be aware that your provider may cancel your phone service on the spot and there is a good chance you will lose your current cell phone number as well.

Additional Resources
http://www.ucan.org/telecommunications/wireless/how_to_cancel_get_out_of_your_cell_phone_contract

http://www.moneymanagement.org/Budgeting-Tools/Credit-Videos/MoneyTalks/Getting-Out-of-a-Cell-Phone-Contract.aspx

Vegetable Gardening, It Starts With The Soil

2010-07-09T10:02:00.000-04:00

By Cindy Peacock, Extension Horticulturist

Properly preparing your garden plot soil will help you have a successful garden. You can grow a good garden wherever weeds will grow. Avoid low, poorly drained areas that stay soggy after rains.

Vegetables need full sun to grow, at least five hours of direct sunlight per day, so choose an area that is not shaded by trees or buildings. Once you have found a full sun, well drained area for your vegetable garden plot you can start preparing the soil. Our Florida soils are very sandy and are often low in nutrients. Adding organic material (manure, compost, leaves, grass, etc.) and fertilizer can greatly improve the soil.

First, pull or kill all the weeds in the garden area. You can hand pull weeds or use garden tools to remove them. A scuffle hoe works very well. You can also use a tarp or layers of newspaper to kill weeds. Lay the tarp or newspaper out over the weeds in the garden area and let it sit for about a week. When you lift up the tarp or newspaper the weeds will be yellow and dead. Another option is to use an herbicide that contains Glyphosate. This is a systemic herbicide. It is absorbed by the green plant tissue and taken down to the roots, killing the plant. Glyphosate has no residual activity.

Once the area is cleared, you can start adding organic materials. Compost (made at home or store bought), top soil, leaves or horse or cow manure can be added. Mix the organic material in well. You can also create a raised bed by mounding the organic material up or you can build sides out of wood or brick or other materials. Raised beds require less bending to maintain and they also improve drainage.

Our Florida soils contain microscopic organisms called nematodes. Some kinds of nematodes are beneficial but we also have a few species, like root-knot nematodes, that are harmful to the vegetables that we grow. Adding organic material to the soil in your vegetable garden plot will help to reduce problems with harmful nematodes.

It’s a good idea to have your soil tested to find out the pH of your soil and what nutrients are lacking. Soil pH, the acidity or alkalinity of the soil, is important because it governs how readily available nutrients are to plants. The pH chart below shows how soil pH affects the availability of individual plant nutrients. Vegetables grow best in a pH range of 5.5 to 7.0. If your soil is below 5.5 it is too acidic and you would need to use lime to raise the pH. If the pH is above 7.0 the soil is too alkaline. Applying sulfur will lower the pH in some situations. Adding lime or sulfur can harm your soil if you apply it without determining that it’s needed based on the results of a soil test.

The University of Florida Extension Soil Testing Laboratory can test your soil for a small fee. After testing the soil, the laboratory will send you a report including information on how to adjust your soil pH if needed. More information on the soil testing services can be found here:

http://soilslab.ifas.ufl.edu/ESTL%20pages/landscapevegetable.htm

To learn more about soil pH go to this website: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/SS/SS48000.pdf

If you have to adjust your pH with lime or sulfur mix it into your plot.

After getting your soil ready for the fall, there should be enough time to enhance your soil even more. Here are some things that can help while you are waiting for September to plant.

One of the best ways to kill soil-borne pests is by soil solarization. This technique which uses the sun’s energy to heat the soil. When you are finished prepping the soil, moisten it and then cover the soil with sturdy, clear-plastic film. Make sure you seal the edges with mulch, wood or bricks to prevent the plastic from blowing off and to keep the heat in. Keep the plastic on for 6 weeks or longer.

Do not do any additional mixing of the soil after you have lifted the clear plastic. Plant right into the prepared plot. Mixing the soil after solarization will bring soil to the surface from deeper below where the solarization was less effective. This will defeat the purpose of the solarization that you worked hard to accomplish.

Another way to help keep the nematode population down is to plant your plot with marigolds. Marigolds produce a substance called alpha-terthienyl, which can aid in the reduction of root-knot nematodes and other disease promoting organisms, such as fungi, bacteria, insects and some viruses. African (Tagetes erecta) and French marigolds (T. patula) are the most commonly used species. For best results plant marigolds as a summer crop year after year.

For more information on marigolds for nematode management go to this web page http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/pdffiles/NG/NG04500.pdf

Growing a crop to later work into the soil to improve it is called “green manuring” and these crops are called “green manures.” Planting and plowing in green-manure crops during the off-season is beneficial to the soil, adding nutrients and compost to it.

Clear your plot at the end of the growing season, (usually beginning of June for most vegetable crops in our area) or if you’re just starting out to prepare your garden soil. Black-eyed peas are a good green manure for our area. You can plant black-eyed peas in rows about 18 inches apart. Let them grow up to about a foot or two. Before they go to seed cut them down and till them in. They will decompose in the soil for 6 weeks or more. Black-eyed peas (and other legumes) add nitrogen to the soil.

To learn more about soil preparation, composting and cover crops attend the Vegetable gardening class “It Start with Soil” July 17, 2010 at 9:00 at Pinellas County Extension. The cost is $15.00 per class. Pre-register on line on our Pinellas County Extension web site. http://pinellas.ifas.ufl.edu/

Other classes that will help you with Vegetable Gardening.

July 17, 2010 9:00 am “It Starts With Soil”

July 24, 2010 9:00 am “Planting, Setting and Growing”

July 31, 2010 9:00 am “Pest Identification and Harvesting”

August 7, 2010 9:00 am “ From Your Garden to Your Kitchen”

4-H Intergenerational Technology Project

2010-07-06T11:17:00.001-04:00

7/5/10 |
By Melissa Sharp, 4-H Youth Mentor, Pinellas County Extension

Through a fun and informative community service project, 4-H youth learned how to bridge the age gap between generations and teach senior citizens how to use a computer. Because of an educational training with Dr. Larry Forthun, a professor at the University of Florida and expert in intergenerational sciences, our youth learned that every generation is unique in its historical impacts and differences in learning styles and way of life. Each generation even has its own special name. They are:

the Silent Era (born 1925-1942)
the Baby Boomers (born 1943-1960)
Generation X (born 1961-1981)
the Millenials (born 1982-2002).

By learning about each generation and their differences, the 4-H youth could better prepare themselves to teach each the group of senior citizens.

The Silent Era (1925-1942) was very much influenced by the Great Depression, WWII, Korean Conflict, Cold War, atomic bomb, racism, McCarthyism, the growth of suburbs, vaccines and the invention of television. Their learning style is very different than the Millenials, as the Silent Era learners expect instructions to be given in very structured lectures while they do the practical application at home. They prefer facts to be presented in a logical order and prefer formality over familiarity. They like to see the “Big Picture” first.

The Baby Boomers (1943-1960) grew up in the era of the creation of Rock n’ Roll, the Vietnam Conflict, the civil rights and feminist movements, the first man to walk on the moon, and the Watergate scandal. They like to be creative and independent in their learning styles and expect opportunities to discuss and share knowledge. They enjoy team and group activities, but don’t work well authority and don’t enjoy role play.

The defining events and characteristics of Generation X (1961-1981) are a steep rise in divorce and single parenthood, more moms at work leading to “latch-key” children, the creation of MTV and rap music, the “Just Say No!” campaign, Reaganomics, cable television, personal computers, and the Gulf War. During the learning process Generation X participants need to know what the expectations are and the relevance of everything learned. They are impatient and become frustrated with busy work. They are visual learners, intolerant of instructors who can’t use technology, and need to see how learning will help to get them ahead.

Finally, the Millenials (1980-2002) saw the Monica Lewinski scandal, the school system enacting the Zero Tolerance initiative, standards-based testing and was terrorized by the massacre of Columbine. They also grew up with the consequences of the attack of September 11th and the Iraq/ Afghanistan War. They are living through the recession and realizing the historic significance of the nation’s first black president.

With this information in hand, the 4-H youth got their chance to put their knowledge to the test in their first Intergenerational Technology Class. Senior citizens learned the basics of a computer, how to use a keyboard and mouse, explored the desktop and many other useful tools. Everyone worked well together and was excited for the second part of the class.

Part II of the class dealt more with internet usage and safety, with the goal to help the senior citizens to communicate with family and friends easily and safely. Instructors and students surfed the web together to find information, explained and used internet browsers, and then took an in-depth look at how to use email. Seniors had the chance to send their first email message to themselves or family members.

The class was a success; the youth volunteers received first hand experience on how to work with a senior citizen, and accomplished the hard task of explaining something that they might find easy in creative ways so that the seniors could understand. The senior citizens were also very responsive and quick learners. They seemed to enjoy working with the 4-H’ers in a pursuit to better their computer knowledge. After these greatly successful classes the youth will still hold another session with two more classes: Part I on July 12th and Part II on July 14th.

Beat the Dog Days of Summer with Cool Extension Classes

2010-06-30T14:04:00.000-04:00

Attend Pinellas County Extension’s July Classes

Pinellas County Extension offers residents a wide variety of classes to help them make sustainable decisions.

Be sure to check out our lunch break online classes in July, “Solutions in 30.” Each week this month there will be a special topic presented on Wednesdays at 12:15 pm in the form of a webinar. Take your choice of any of these free webinars: Home Buying Basics, Understanding Your Power Bill, Green Jobs, and Vegetable Garden Problems.

Solutions in 30:
July 7, 2010 - Home Buying Basics
July 14, 2010 - Understanding Your Power Bill
July 21, 2010 - Green Jobs
July 28, 2010 - Vegetable Garden Problems

Families and Consumers:
July 13, 2010 - Focus on Finances

Commercial (Pesticide/FNGLA/ISA) CEUs:
July 7, 2010 - Best Management Practices
July 20, 2010 - Roundup License Training – LCLM

Lawn & Garden:
July 10, 2010 - Rain Harvesting Workshop
July 14, 2010 - http://pinellas.obsres.com/botanical/Info.aspx?EventID=3004
Ju14, 2010 - http://pinellas.obsres.com/botanical/Info.aspx?EventID=3004
July 17, 2010 - Preparing Your Fall Vegetable Garden
July 24, 2010 - Planting, Setting and Growing
July 27 17, 2010 - Using Worms in the Garden
July 31, 2010 - Pests and Harvesting

Urban Wildlife:
July 10, 2010 - Florida Snakes

Sustainable Living:
July 8, 2010 - GreenStar BASICS – Waste Reduction
July15, 2010 - GreenStar BASICS – Green Purchasing
July 17, 2010 - Pinellas Energy Efficiency Project
July 22, 2010 - GreenStar BASICS – Chemical Reduction
July 29, 2010 - GreenStar BASICS – Energy Efficiency

4-H Youth Development:
July 10, 2010 - College 101: New College Student’s Success

You can register for classes online at http://www.pinellascountyextension.org/
Please look for and click on the “Online Class Registration” button on the right hand side near the top of the page

When Thunder Roars, Go Indoors!

2010-06-24T11:29:00.000-04:00

The week of June 20-26 has been designated by NOAA's National Weather Service as Lightning Safety Awareness Week. Lightning has special significance in Florida, since our state leads the nation in lightning strikes. To date since 1959, 98 people have been killed by lightning in the three-county area of Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach. This is the greatest total number of lightning deaths of any three contiguous counties in the United States. The long term yearly averages for lightning casualties in the south Florida mainland are two deaths and nine injuries. Lightning is a threat year-round in south Florida, and lightning casualties have been noted in every month except January. Sadly, the vast majority of these lightning casualties could have been prevented had preventive actions been taken. Perhaps the greatest lightning myth is that if it is not raining, lightning can't strike. Lightning has been known to strike up to 10 miles or more away from the main thunderstorm core, and frequently occurs within 5 miles of the thunderstorm core.

The key to remaining safe from this type of lightning strike is to keep an eye to the sky and watch for darkening skies on the horizon along with distant rumbles of thunder. Don't just look overhead for signs of an approaching storm! The main thing to remember regarding lightning safety is: being outside is never safe during a thunderstorm! This includes park pavilions, picnic shelters and baseball dugouts which provide a false sense of safety since they are covered. Bodies of water and trees are also very dangerous places to be during a thunderstorm. Get to a safe shelter immediately if you hear thunder. Remain in

A safe shelter for 30 minutes after the last clap of thunder. Do not be fooled by sunshine or blue sky.

Know the weather forecast before you head outdoors, especially if you are responsible for the safety of others. A portable NOAA All-Hazards Radio is a great way to monitor the latest forecasts and warnings while outdoors. National Weather Service products such as the Hazardous Weather Outlook and Surf Forecast describe the daily lightning danger in south Florida and can be found on the Miami-South Florida National Weather Service website at weather.gov/southflorida or through NOAA All-Hazards Radio.

For further information go to the following web site:

http://www.lightningsafety.noaa.gov/